纳米材料在电化学传感器检测抗生素中的应用进展

Application progress of nano-materials in detection of antibiotics by electrochemical sensors

抗生素自发现至今,由于其可以阻碍细菌的生长,被广泛应用于预防和治疗细菌的感染疾病上。但是抗生素在畜牧业、农业等方面的滥用滥排导致抗生素污染,极大地威胁水源地的安全,导致细菌耐药性增强、给环境及人类健康带来重大的危害。因此,抗生素的检测近年来得到了广泛的关注,而大多抗生素都具有电化学活性。基于此,纳米修饰电极可以使抗生素在电解质中的电化学氧化或还原反应增强,从而促进其灵敏度的提高,使电化学传感器可以检测到各类抗生素。本文详细介绍了用于检测抗生素的各种纳米材料修饰电极的电化学传感器及其性能。最后,讨论了纳米材料电化学传感器在抗生素检测中面临的挑战和发展前景。

Since the discovery of antibiotics,they have been widely used in the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections because they can hinder the growth of bacteria.However,the abuse of antibiotics in animal husbandry and agriculture leads to antibiotic pollution,which greatly threatens the safety of water sources,increases bacterial drug resistance,and brings great harm to the environment and human health.For these reasons,the detection of antibiotics has attracted extensive attention in recent years.Based on the electrochemical activity of most antibiotics,nano-modified-electrode can improve the sensitivity of electrochemical sensor by enhancing the electrochemical oxidation or reduction reaction of antibiotics in electrolyte.Various electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics are described in detail in this paper,as well as their properties.Finally,the challenges and development prospects of nanomaterial electrochemical sensors in antibiotic detection are discussed.