科学资本理论视域下民族中小学科学教育的SWOT分析及进路

SWOT Analysis and Approach of Science Education in Ethnic Primary and Secondary Schools from the Perspective of Science Capital Construction

以科学资本理论为基础,分析构建民族中小学科学教育的行动框架,选取鄂尔多斯民族中小学为典型案例,采用SWOT分析框架探究民族中小学为达应然发展样态的优势、劣势、机遇与挑战,明晰现状与目标间的差距。民族中小学应把握科学教育时代机遇,共建“个人—集体—组织”三层次的资源共享网络;拓展校外科学学习环境,推动“场域—联盟—环境”三联通的科学实践学习;构建科学学习生态系统,打造“家庭—学校—社会”三结合的科学教育共同体;厚植科学学习价值信念,助推“理念—制度—行动”三统一的科学生涯教育等举措,培养适宜本土的科技创新人才。

The theory of scientific capital includes all kinds of capital that influence students’ participation in the science classroom and science academic achievement. To excavate the potential scientific capital of ethnic students can provide a group portrait for the optimization of science education in schools, and identify the various factors affecting students’ scientific participation and employment choice. The study is based on the theory of scientific capital, and analyses and construct the action framework of science education in ethnic primary and secondary schools. It takes the ethnic primary and secondary schools in Ordos as a typical case, while adopts the SWOT analysis framework to explore the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of the ethnic primary and secondary schools, while clarifies the gap between the current situation and goals. Ethnic primary and secondary schools should seize the opportunities of the time when science education is highly promoted, build a three-level resource sharing network of “individual-collective-organization”;expand the learning space off campus to promote scientific practice learning of “field-alliance-environment”;build a science learning ecosystem, and construct a science education community combining “family, school and society”;strengthen the value belief of scientific learning faith, boost the “concept-system-action” three unified scientific career education measures, so as to cultivate suitable local scientific and technological innovation professionals.