“神似”与“化境”——傅雷文学翻译思想辨识

"Resemblance in Spirit" and "Sublimation" :Identification of Fu Lei’s Thoughts on Literary Translation

长期以来,译界几乎形成了这样一种认识定式:傅雷标举“神似”说,钱钟书推出“化境”论,二者似乎已泾渭分明。但纵观傅雷的艺术追求、翻译思想及其实践体认,我们提出,傅雷的“神似”与钱钟书的“化境”在内涵上具有一致性,在本质上具有相通性。傅雷嫌自己的翻译“化得太少,化得不够,化得不妙”,正说明“化境”也是他孜孜以求的终极目标和努力向往的艺术高峰。在指认傅雷的翻译精髓既包含“神似”说也包含“化境”论,二者是中国现代译论发展进程中的双子星座的同时,文章进一步提出:我们要想在世界译坛发出中国学派的声音,似应立足中国文化资源和特色优势进行探索,而“神似”和“化境”正是中国译论中值得进行现代转换的重要命题。

Fu Lei’s "Resemblance in Spirit" and Qian Zhongshu’s "Sublimation" seem to have long been clearly distinguished from each other in the field of translation studies.Here,based on Fu Lei’s artistic pursuits,translation views and practical understanding,we propose that Fu’s "Resemblance in Spirit" and Qian’s "Sublimation" share the same essence.Fu Lei posited that his translations failed to reach the standard of " Sublimation",which showed that " Sublimation" was also the ultimate goal and the artistic pinnacle he strived for.While recognizing that the essence of Fu Lei’s translation contains both the "Resemblance in Spirit" and the "Sublimation",which are twin theories in the development of modern Chinese translation theories,the article further proposes that,in order for the translation theories of Chinese scholars to be heard and influential in the global translation field,our translation studies should draw on Chinese cultural resources and the advantages of ideas and thoughts of Chinese characteristics.A contemporary transformation of the "Resemblance in Spirit" and "Sublimation" constructs is a topic worthy of exploration in Chinese translation studies.