諸葛亮的官制調整與蜀漢政局的變化

Zhuge Liang's Reform of the Bureaucratic System and Its Influence on Shu's Political Structure

劉備時期,諸葛亮一直没有直屬的官僚體系.劉備畀之以特權,使之統領那些在制度上應直接向劉備負責的衆多官署,從而主持後方政務.劉備死後,諸葛亮開丞相府,始徵辟丞相屬官,先前尚書臺處理政務的權力轉移至相府.這次官制調整不僅改變了蜀漢的職官結構,而且塑造了新的政治框架,成爲日後蜀政走向的基礎和出發點,魏延事件與楊儀事件便反映了這一時期政局的變化.

When Liu Bei(劉備)was alive,Zhuge Liang(諾葛亮)boasted no officials who directly under his command by political system.He ruled and performed like that he was Liu Bei's agent.After Liu Bei died,Zhuge Liang organized the prime minister's office(丞相府)in which officials were subordinates to him,and the new office soon replaced Shangshutai(尚書臺)to become the center of Shu(蜀国)'s political activities.Zhuge Liang's reform of the bureaucratic system changed not only the frame of official system,but also the frame of political structure.In addition,the reform became the basis and starting point of Shu's political activities afterwards.