唐代册書的形態及其行政禮儀運作——以《命武承嗣文昌左相封魏王册書》爲中心

The Material Form and the Administrative Etiquette of Ceshu in the Tang Dynasty:With a Focus on“The Ceshu of Appointing Wu Chengsi,the Left Prime Minister of Wenchang,to be the king of Wei”

册書是唐代最高等級"王言".作爲一份不可多得的史料,《命武承嗣文昌左相封魏王册書》爲研究者提供了寶貴的信息.該件册書表明,册在行政運作中很可能只需要中書令宣,而不需要門下省進行封檢.册是唯一還以竹簡爲載體的公文,在强調等級的同時,帶有禮制復古的意義.可以説,在"王言"體系中,册的物質形態和行政運作形態都呈現出復古的特點.

Ceshu(册書)ranks first in the seven kinds of"imperial edict"(王言)of the Tang Dynasty.As a precious historical material,"The Ceshu of Appointing Wu Chengsi(武承嗣),the Left Prime Minister of Wenchang(文昌),to be the King of Wei"(《命武承嗣文昌左相封魏王册書》)provides researchers with rich information.This material shows that Ceshu probably only needs the proclamation of the Zhong Shu Director(中書令)and is not required to be sealed by the Menxia department(月下省)in the administrative operation.Ceshu is the only kind of official documents still written on bamboo slips,which not only emphasizes a hierarchy order,but also has the meaning of returning to the ancients.Consequently,it can be said that Ceshu of the"imperial edict"system is featured with retro in both the material form and the administrative operation.