常减压装置自控率提升优化研究

Optimization of automatic control rate of atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit

常减压生产装置是常压蒸馏和减压蒸馏两套装置的总称,是以原油为原料炼化企业工艺生产的开端。原油在电脱盐罐里强电磁场和破乳剂作用下乳化,从而分离出原油中的无机盐和水。通过加热炉加热后进入分馏塔进行汽化分离。轻组分在分馏塔上部主要为汽油、煤油、轻柴油、重柴油,经过调和后作为石化产品出售。重组分在分馏塔下部主要为蜡油、渣油,作为后续生产装置的原料通过深加工生产出目标产品。提高常减压生产装置自动化控制回路投用率对安全生产、提高产品收率及稳定操作至关重要。

Atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit is the general name of atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation units,and it is the beginning of process production of crude oil refining enterprises. The crude oil is emulsified under the action of strong electromagnetic field and demulsifier in the electric desalting tank to separate the inorganic salt and water in the crude oil. After heating in the heating furnace,it enters the fractionating tower for vaporization separation. The light components in the upper part of the fractionating tower are mainly gasoline,kerosene,light diesel oil and heavy diesel oil,which are sold as petrochemical products after blending. The heavy components at the lower part of the fractionator are mainly wax oil and residue,which are used as raw materials for subsequent production units to produce target products through deep processing. It is very important for safe production,high product yield and stable operation to improve the utilization rate of automatic control loop in atmospheric and vacuum production units.