违反说明义务的医疗损害责任实证研究

An empirical study of medical damage liability in violation of informing obligation

医疗损害责任纠纷中,医务人员是否履行说明义务以及医疗机构是否应该承担责任是医患双方争议焦点之一。通过对126例违反医疗说明义务的裁判案例并结合实践经验进行分析,提出违反说明义务的医疗损害责任可以从医务人员是否履行说明义务、患者是否存在损害后果、未履行说明义务与损害后果之间是否存在因果关系以及未履行说明义务是否影响患者选择权等要点进行判断。在责任比例的认定上,需综合原因力、过错程度、证据规则等进行判断。

In the dispute of medical damage liability, whether the medical staff fulfill the obligation of explanation and whether the medical institution should bear the responsibility is one of the focuses of disputes between doctors and patients. Based on the analysis of 126 cases of violating the obligation of medical explanation and combined with practical experience, this paper put forward that the liability for medical damage in violation of the obligation of medical explanation can be determined from whether the medical staff fulfill the obligation of explanation, whether the patient has damage consequences, whether there is a causal relationship between the failure to perform the obligation of explanation and the consequences of damage, and whether the failure to perform the obligation of explanation affects the patient’s choice. In the determination of the proportion of liability, we need to judge the comprehensive causative force, the degree of fault, the rules of evidence and so on.