重大疫情下我国基本医疗保障制度的完善

The improvement of basic medical security system under major epidemics in China

医疗保障制度是现代社会保障制度的重要组成部分。从现代社会来看,不同国家均建立了不同层次的医疗保障制度,包括基本医疗救助、基本医疗保险、商业医疗保险等。我国也建立起以医疗救助为保底,基础医疗保险为基本,商业保险为补充的医疗保障制度。但是,在此次疫情中,一般医疗保障制度难以应对疫情,暴露出我国基础医疗保障制度法律的碎片化、应急医疗保障的立法空白两方面问题。因此,如何构建医疗救助、医疗保险、商业保险相互衔接的应急医疗保障制度,成为目前亟待解决的问题。从风险社会的角度阐述应急医疗保障制度的重要性,通过分析德、日两国疫情中医疗保障相关实践,为重大疫情下我国的基本医疗保障制度的完善提出针对性建议。

The medical security system is an important part of the modern social security system. From the perspective of modern society, different countries have established different levels of medical security systems, including basic medical assistance, basic medical insurance, and commercial medical insurance. China has also established a medical security system with medical assistance as the guarantee, basic medical insurance as the basic, and commercial insurance as the supplement. However, in the COVID-19 epidemic, the general medical security system is difficult to deal with the epidemic, and at the same time exposed the fragmentation of basic medical security system and the legal gap in emergency medical security in China. Therefore, how to construct an emergency medical security system that connects medical assistance, medical insurance, and commercial insurance has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently. This article explained the importance of the emergency medical security system from the perspective of a risk society. Through the analysis of medical security practices in the epidemics of Germany and Japan, it put forward targeted suggestions for the improvement of basic medical security system under major epidemics in China.