高中物理实验“3因素3情境3呈现”误差来源框架的建立和应用——以新粤教版“测量匀变速直线运动的加速度”实验为例

Establishment and Application on Error Source Frame of“3 Factors 3 Situation 3 Presentation”in High School Physics Experiment--Taking the Experiment of“Measuring the Acceleration of Uniform Variable Linear Motion”as an Example

基于物理学科核心素养的要求,高中物理实验教学中应注重对实验误差来源的分析.以误差分类为依据,建立“3因素3情境3呈现”误差来源框架,包括实验误差的3个影响因素、3个实验情境、3种误差呈现.依据误差来源框架对“测量匀变速直线运动的加速度”实验进行误差来源分析和修正,旨在提高学生对实验误差来源的认知和分析能力,培养学生解决实验误差的意识.

According to the requirements of physics core literacy,analyzing the sources of experimental error should be emphasized in physics experiment teaching at senior high school.Based on error classification,the error source frame of“3 factors 3 situation 3 presentation”is established.The framework includes three influencing factors,three experimental situations and three kinds of error presentations.According to the framework of error source,error source analysis and error correction are carried out,taking the experiment of“Measuring acceleration of uniform variable linear motion”as an example,in order to improve students′cognition and ability of analyzing experimental error sources and cultivate their consciousness of decreasing the experimental error.