南宁市江南区某三甲医院2020年7月—2021年12月发热呼吸道症候群病原学调查与研究

Etiological investigation and research on fever respiratory syndrome in a tertiary-A hospital in Jiangnan District, Nanning City from July 2020 to December 2021

目的 分析南宁市江南区呼吸道症候群病例病原谱构成和分布情况。方法 收集南宁市第二人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科2020年7月—2021年12月住院治疗的呼吸道症候群853例患者的痰液、灌洗液、咽拭子、血液或尿液标本进行病原菌培养。结果 1 366份标本中,阳性270份,阳性率为19.77%;共培养出真菌149株和细菌148株,阳性率分别为10.91%和10.83%;检出的真菌均为白色念珠菌,细菌检出前三位分别为肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌;不同性别、年龄患者病原菌阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同月份患者病原菌阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 南宁市江南区发热呼吸道症候群细菌感染主要以肺炎克雷伯菌和铜绿假单胞菌为主,常见于中老年男性患者,存在混合感染,未见明显的季节变化趋势。

Objective This study aims to analyze the composition and distribution of the pathogen spectrum of respiratory syndrome cases in Jiangnan District, Nanning City. Methods Sputum, lavage fluid, throat swabs, blood or urine samples from 853 patients with respiratory syndrome who were hospitalized in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Nanning Second People’s Hospital from July 2020 to December 2021 were collected for bacterial culture. Results Among the 1 366 specimens, 270 were positive, and the total positive rate was 19.77%;149 strains of fungi and 148 strains of bacteria were cultured, and the positive rates were 10.91% and 10.83%;all the fungi detected were Candida albicans. The top three of bacteria detected were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii. There was statistical significance on the difference in the positive rate of pathogenic bacteria in patients of different genders and ages(P<0.05). The difference in positive rate of pathogens in different months has no statistical significance(P>0.05). Conclusion Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the main bacterial infections of febrile respiratory syndrome in Jiangnan District of Nanning City, which were common in middle-aged and elderly male patients. There were mixed infections and there was no obvious seasonal trend.