加氢站规划布局的分析与探讨

Analysis and Discussion on Layout Planning of Hydrogen Stations

加氢站是为氢燃料电池汽车提供氢气来源的重要基础设施。目前我国纯氢站建设成本高且加氢车辆规模有限,难以实现良好的经济性,因此加氢站类型逐渐由纯加氢站向油、气、电、氢合建站转变,加氢站类型将趋于多元化。我国各省市氢能发展规划中均提出了量化的加氢站发展目标,并提出加氢站应优先考虑在氢源丰富、应用场景较为成熟的城市区域重点布局,中远期则考虑构建城市加氢站网络布局。统筹布局加氢站及服务设施,是适应氢燃料电池汽车发展、培育完善氢能产业的重要保障。目前普遍存在的问题是对加氢站的分布及布点问题考虑不足,缺乏专项规划与顶层设计。加氢站布局既要考虑有效衔接国土空间总体规划,又要考虑地方区域协调性及交通功能需求。加氢站空间布局原则是要符合国家规范标准和国土空间规划,符合市场需求及可达性,符合交通网络规划布局合理性。基于空间布局原则,综合考虑应用市场、“制-储-运-加”网络协同、产业发展、城市功能布局等因素,以“点、线、面”三种布局形态,合理安排规划分期,打造“一心多区块”或“一心多圈层”的城市空间布局。

Hydrogen station is an important infrastructure to provide hydrogen source for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.At present,the high construction cost of pure hydrogen stations and the limited number of hydrogen vehicles in China make it difficult to achieve a good economy.Therefore,the type of hydrogen station gradually changes from pure hydrogen station to integrated station of oil,gas,electricity and hydrogen,and the types of hydrogen station will tend to be diversified.All provinces and cities in China have put forward quantitative development goals of hydrogen station in their development plans of hydrogen energy,and proposed that hydrogen stations should be preferentially located in urban areas with rich hydrogen sources and mature application scenarios and that the construction of urban hydrogen station network layout should be considered in the medium and long term.The coordinated layout of hydrogen stations and service facilities is an important guarantee to adapt to the development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and to cultivate and improve the hydro-gen energy industry.At present,the common problems are the inadequate consideration of the distribution and layout of hydrogen stations and the lack of special planning and top-level design.The layout of hydrogen sta-tions should consider not only the effective connection with the overall territorial spatial planning,but also the local regional coordination and traffic function requirements.The spatial layout principle of hydrogen stations is to conform to the national standards and territorial spatial planning,to meet the market demand and accessibility,and to conform to the rationality of traffic network planning and layout.Following the spatial layout principle, this paper comprehensively considers the factors such as application markets, production-storage-transportation-refueling network coordination,industrial development and urban function layout,and reasonably arrange the planning stages with three layout forms of point,line and plane,so as to build an urban spatial layout of one center with multiple blocks or one center with multiple circles.