世界孑遗红树植物水椰研究进展

Studies on the Relict Mangrove Plant of Nypa fruticans Wurmb in the World

水椰(Nypa fruticans Wurmb)属棕榈科真红树植物,被列为我国国家二级重点保护植物,在我国仅分布于海南岛的万宁、文昌、海口等地。水椰也是孑遗植物,在热带植物区系、古生物学、海洋地质考古学以及古植物学等方面,都具有重要的科学价值。目前国外学者已经在水椰地理分布、群落特征、繁殖特性以及环境适应性等方面开展了大量研究工作,但国内对于中国水椰的研究仍然处于初级阶段,有关水椰的文献资料也极为稀少,其保护工作存在一定困难。因此,在查阅国内外文献的基础上,文中对目前水椰的相关研究进行了综述,分析其濒危的主要原因,并提出保护策略以及未来研究展望,以期为中国水椰的保护与恢复工作提供参考。

Nypa fruticans Wurmb is a true mangrove plant in the family Arecaceae. It is a plant under national level-2 key protection, which is only distributed in Hainan Island. N. fruticans is also a relict plant with important scientific value in tropical flora, paleontology, marine geoarchaeology and paleobotany. At present,alarge range of research has been carried out on geographical distribution, community characteristics,reproductive characteristics and environmental adaptability of N. fruticans in other countries, but the research on N. fruticans in China is still in the initial stage with very few literature available. Based on the national and international literature, this paper reviews the research on N. fruticans, analyzes the reasons why it becomes endangered, puts forward protection strategies and prospects future research, in order to provide reference for the protection and restoration of N. fruticans in China.