花椒育种研究进展

Research Advance in Zanthoxylum bungeanum Breeding

花椒(Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.)是我国重要的特色香料植物。我国花椒资源丰富,种植面积和产量均居世界首位,但目前在花椒育种及栽培过程中存在着育种周期长、育种方式较为局限,以及基础研究薄弱、抗性苗较少等问题。因此,探讨花椒栽培、遗传特性和挖掘重要功能基因,对推动花椒产业发展具有重要意义。基于前人研究,文中从传统育种、诱变育种和分子育种3个方面对花椒育种研究近况进行综述,包括花椒栽培育种的主要方式、诱变育种进展和分子育种的发展历程以及目前存在的问题,并指出了尚需深入研究的方向,以期为花椒精准育种和种质创制发展、推动花椒产业建设提供参考。

Chinese pepper(Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.)is an important specialty spicy plant.China is rich in Z.bungeanum Maxim,standing on the top of the world in terms of its planted area and yield.However,Z.bungeanum breeding and cultivation has been challenged by long breeding cycle,limited breeding methods,poor basic research and few stress resistant seedlings.Therefore,the exploration of its cultivation,inherited character and the functional genes is of great significance for the development of Chinese pepper industry.Based on previous research,this paper summarizes the research on Z.bungeanum breeding from the three aspects of traditional breeding,mutation breeding and molecular breeding,concludes the major approaches for Z.bungeanum cultivation,the progress of mutation breeding and the development process of molecular breeding,and discusses the existing problems and the future development direction of the research.The study is aimed at providing a reference for accurate breeding,germplasm creation and industrial development of Z.bungeanum.