结构特性对两性离子表面活性剂性能的影响

Structural Effects on the Properties of Zwitterionic Surfactants

两性离子表面活性剂是具有长的疏水烃链和亲水性阴、阳离子所组成的整体表现出电中性的两亲性表面活性剂。该类表面活性剂作为一种绿色温和型表面活性剂,具有耐高浓度酸、碱、盐,优良的钙皂分散力、好的泡沫稳定性、优良生物降解特性,并具备一定的杀菌抑菌性和低毒性等特点,被广泛应用于日用化工、油田驱油、造纸工业和表面处理工业等领域。文章介绍了两性离子表面活性剂的结构特点和体系中存在无机盐时会使该表面活性剂的溶解度、Krafft点、胶束化和吸附性能等性能,并对产生的影响进行简要阐述,以供拓展新型表面活性剂和新领域应用提供一个新思路。

Zwitterionic surfactants are amphiphilic surfactants with long hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains and hydrophilic anions and cations that are as a whole electrically neutral. As a green and mild surfactant, this type of surfactants has high resistance to high concentrations of acid, alkali and salt, excellent calcium soap dispersibility, good foam stability, excellent biodegradation characteristics, and has certain bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties. It is widely used in daily chemical industry, oil field flooding,paper industry, surface treatment industry and other fields. In this paper, the structural characteristics of zwitterionic surfactants and the effects of the presence of inorganic salts on the solubility, Krafft point, micellization and adsorption properties of the surfactants are briefly described for the development of new surface active agents, which can broaden new application development in industry.