栀子对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的调控作用及其机制

Regulating effect and mechanism of Gardeniae fructus on production performance and egg quality in laying hens during late period of laying

旨在研究日粮中添加不同质量分数(1.0%,1.5%,2.0%)栀子对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血清生殖激素以及肝脏和卵巢中卵黄沉积与卵泡发育相关基因表达的影响。试验选取144只360日龄健康状态良好的海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复6只。空白组饲喂基础日粮,各试验组在基础日粮中添加相应质量分数的栀子粉,预饲期2周,试验期8周。试验期间以重复为单位,每天记录产蛋数和蛋质量,每2周随机选取蛋样测定蛋品质;于第0,4,8周末进行翅下静脉采血,以测定血清生殖激素水平;试验结束时,每个重复选取3只鸡常规处死,采集肝脏和卵巢组织,用于制作石蜡切片观察组织形态结构和荧光定量PCR分析相关基因表达量。结果表明,2.0%栀子组的产蛋率和平均蛋质量显著提升(P<0.05);各栀子组蛋形指数、蛋壳强度、蛋壳质量差异不显著,但1.5%,2.0%栀子组的蛋黄颜色在试验全程均显著加深(P<0.05),2.0%栀子组哈夫值和蛋黄比率在第4和8周显著增加(P<0.05);第8周各栀子组血清E2、P4、FSH、LH水平明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);各栀子组中,试验鸡肝脏PPARγ、ApoVLDL、ApoB、FAS、ACC、SREBP-1c基因,以及卵巢AR、CYP17、CYP19、ESR2、FSHR、LHR基因的表达存在不同程度的升高。综上所述,日粮中添加栀子粉能提高产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、改善蛋品质,其调控作用可能是通过加快肝脏卵黄沉积、调节生殖激素分泌和促进卵泡发育来实现。

The purpose of this study was to study the effects of different concentrations(1.0%,1.5%,2.0%)of Gardenia on production performance,egg quality,serum reproductive hormones and the expression of genes related to yolk deposition and follicular development in liver and ovary.In this experiment,144360-day-old Hyland brown laying hens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 6 hens in each group.The blank group was fed with basal diet,and the experimental groups were fed with Gardenia powder of corresponding concentration.The pre-feeding period was 2 weeks and the experimental period was 8 weeks.During the experiment,the number of eggs laid and egg weight were recorded every day,egg samples were randomly selected every 2 weeks to determine egg quality,and blood samples were collected from subalar vein at the end of the 0 th,4 th and 8 th week to determine serum reproductive hormone levels.At the end of the experiment,3 chickens were routinely killed for each repeat,and the liver and ovary tissues were collected for paraffin section observation of tissue morphology and fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis of related gene expression.The results showed that the egg laying rate and average egg weight in 2.0%Gardenia group increased significantly(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in egg shape index,eggshell strength and eggshell weight among Gardenia groups.However,the yolk color of 1.5%and 2.0%Gardenia groups increased significantly throughout the experiment(P<0.05),and the Hough value and yolk ratio of 2.0%Gardenia group increased significantly in the 4th and 8th weeks(P<0.05).At the 8th week,the levels of serum E2,P4,FSH and LH in each Gardenia group increased significantly(P<0.05or P<0.01).In each Gardenia group,the expression of PPARγ,ApoVLDL,ApoB,FAS,ACC and SREBP-1c genes in liver increased in different degrees,as well as AR,CYP17,CYP19,ESR2,FSHR and LHR genes in ovary.To sum up,adding Gardenia powder to the diet can improve the production performance and egg quality of laying hens,which may be achieved by accelerating liver yolk deposition,regulating reproductive hormone secretion and promoting follicular development.