喷施新型叶面硅肥对闽北红壤区玉米生长发育和养分吸收的影响

Effects of Spraying New Type of Foliar Silicon Fertilizer on the Growth and Developmentof Maize and Its Nutrient Absorption in Red Soil Areas of Northern Fujian

探究不同用量的BioSilAc叶面硅肥对玉米产量的影响及其影响因子分析,以期为闽北红壤区玉米高产栽培提供理论指导。以中科香甜糯(918)为试验对象,在常规施肥的基础上,设置T_(0)(CK)喷施清水300 L·hm^(-2)、T_(1)喷施1.335 g·L^(-1)BioSilAc叶面硅肥300 L·hm^(-2)和T_(2)喷施2.670 g·L^(-1)BioSilAc叶面硅肥300 L·hm^(-2)等3个处理,分析不同用量的BioSilAc叶面硅肥对玉米生长发育及养分吸收的影响。结果表明:与T_(0)相比,不同用量的BioSilAc叶面硅肥处理对玉米着叶数和株高等植株农艺性状没有显著的影响。T_(1)和T_(2)处理玉米籽粒产量分别比T_(0)增加7.9%和10.9%,籽粒磷吸收量分别增加3.2%和16.6%。由主成分回归模型分析可知,玉米增产过程中起主导作用的因子是玉米籽粒磷累积量。综上,喷施不同用量的BioSilAc叶面硅肥有助于增加闽北红壤区玉米籽粒磷的吸收,进而提高玉米产量,尤其是在2.670 g·L^(-1)BioSilAc叶面硅肥300 L·hm^(-2)喷施下增产效果较好。

The effects of different amounts of BioSilAc foliar silicon fertilizer on the yield of maize and its influencing factors were explored in this paper,in order to provide theoretical guidance for the high-yield cultivation of maize in the red soil area of northern Fujian.By taking Zhongke Xiangtiannuo(918)as the test object,and on the basis of conventional fertilization,three treatments were set up:T_(0)(sprayed with 300 L·hm^(-2)water,CK),T_(1)(sprayed with 300 L·hm^(-2)BioSilAc foliar silicon fertilizer with a concentration of 1.33 g·L^(-1)),and T_(2)(sprayed with 300 L·hm^(-2)BioSilAc foliar silicon fertilizer with a concentration of 2.67 g·L^(-1)),thus to analyze the effects of different dosages of BioSilAc foliar silicon fertilizer on the growth and nutrient absorption of maize.The results showed that compared with T_(0),the treatments sprayed with different amounts of BioSilAc foliar silicon fertilizer had no significant effect on the agronomic traits such as the leaf numbers and plant heights of maize.Compared with T_(0),the yield of maize kernels by T_(1)and T_(2)treatment increased by 7.9%and 10.9%,respectively,and the absorptive capacity of phosphorus in maize kernels increased by 3.2%and 16.6%,respectively.According to the analysis of principal component regression model,the phosphorus accumulation in maize kernels played a leading role in increasing the yield of maize.In summary,the application of BioSilAc foliar silicon fertilizer at different dosages was helpful to increase the phosphorus absorption of maize kernels in the red soil area of northern Fujian,and thus increase the yield of maize,especially under the application of 300 L·hm^(-2)BioSilAc foliar silicon fertilizer with a concentration of 2.67 g·L^(-1),the yield-increasing effect would be better.