基于脑电数据的飞行签派员劳动负荷强度影响多维度分析

Multi-dimensional analysis of the impact of flight dispatcher labor load intensity based on EEG data

目的评估飞行签派员负荷强度对认知能力和任务绩效的影响。方法基于某航空公司签派员白班执勤时间(8:00-18:00),设计工作负荷评估方案,采集签派员工作前后相同试验下脑电数据,从主观评价、反应时指标、生理信号多维度开展研究。过程运用事件相关电位P300技术对比工作前后P300信号的潜伏期与幅值变化,以场强变化率Φ作为指标量化负荷强度,配合NASA-TLX量表数据,运用SPSS软件研究签派员工作前后负荷强度变化对认知能力的影响差异。结果9:00、13:00、17:00 NASA-TLX平均得分为(35.2±0.37)分、(45.8±0.61)分、(47.8±0.25)分;工作前后行为反应时间分别为(721±60.5)ms和(766±78.4)ms,正确率分别为(98.8±0.9)%和(97.5±2.1)%;与工作前相比,工作后行为反应时间延长(t=7.856,P<0.05),正确率减小(t=-3.609,P<0.05),P300幅值显著降低(P<0.05),P300潜伏期显著延长(P<0.05),脑区场强变化率Φ值减小(P<0.05)。结论伴随连续工作长时间进行,签派员负荷强度存在叠加效应且愈加显著,大脑激活程度减弱,认知反应水平降低,绩效水平下降。

Objective To evaluate the effects of load intensity on cognitive ability and mission performance of flight dispatcher.Methods Based on the day shift duty time(8:00-18:00)of the flight dispatcher,a workload assessment scheme was designed,the EEG data of the same test before and after work was collected,and the multi-dimensional research was carried out from multiple dimensions of subjective evaluation,reaction index and physiological signal.In the process,P300 technology was used to compare the latency and amplitude change of P300 signal before and after work;the field strength change rateΦwas as an indicator to quantify the load intensity;combined with the NASA-TLX scale data,SPSS software was used to study the difference in the impact of load intensity change on cognitive ability before and after work.Results The average NASA-TLX scores were(35.2±0.37)at 9:00,(45.8±0.61)at 13:00,(47.8±0.25)at 17:00,the pre-and post-work behavioral response time was(721±60.5)ms and(766±78.4)ms,respectively,the accuracy rates were(98.8±0.9)and(97.5±2.1)respectively,and the post-work behavioral response time was longer(t=7.856,P<0.05)than pre-work,the correct rate(t=-3.609,P<0.05)and the amplitude of P300 decreased significantly(P<0.05),the incubation period of P300 was significantly extended(P<0.05),and the rate of change of field strength in the brain area was reduced(P<0.05).Conclusion With the continuous work for a long time,the load intensity of the dispatcher has a superimposed effect and becomes more and more significant,and the degree of brain activation is weakened,the level of cognitive response is reduced,and the performance level decreases.