数字服务贸易自由化与数字经济发展:理论与国际经验

Trade Liberalization in Digital Services and Development of the Digital Economy:Theory and International Experience

基于理论层面考察数字服务贸易自由化对数字经济发展的影响效应,利用41个国家的跨国面板数据进行实证检验。结果发现:(1)数字服务贸易自由化对数字经济发展具有显著的促进作用,该促进作用主要通过提高数字交易发展水平来实现,其中,知识产权自由化和基础设施与连接自由化是数字服务贸易自由化实现促进作用的关键所在。(2)上述促进作用在亚太地区尤其是CPTPP成员国、发达经济体、高经济自由度经济体中的表现更加明显。此外,制造业增加值占比越高,数字服务贸易自由化对数字经济发展的促进作用就越强。(3)基于跨国行业面板数据的研究发现,数字服务贸易自由化还有助于推动制造业数字化转型,且对总体制造业数字化转型的推动作用主要通过促进外部制造业数字化转型来实现。

Based on the theoretical level, this paper investigates the impact of trade liberalization in digital services on the development of digital economy, and then makes an empirical test using the cross-country panel data of 41 countries.The results show that:(1)the liberalization of digital service trade has a significant promoting effect on the development of digital economy, which is mainly realized by improving the development level of digital transaction.Among them, the liberalization of intellectual property rights and the liberalization of infrastructure and connectivity are the key factors for the realization of the promotion effect of the liberalization of digital service trade.(2)The above promotion effect is more obvious in the Asia-Pacific region, especially in CPTPP member countries, developed economies and economies with high economic freedom.In addition, the higher the proportion of manufacturing value-added is, the stronger the promotion effect of digital service trade liberalization on the development of digital economy will be.(3)Based on the panel data of multinational industries, it is found that the liberalization of digital service trade also helps to promote the digital transformation of manufacturing industry, and the promotion of the digital transformation of overall manufacturing industry is mainly achieved by promoting the digital transformation of external manufacturing industry.