不同外源激素处理对扦插山药块茎生长和活性的影响

Effects of Different Exogenous Hormone Treatments on the Growth and Activity of Cutting Yam Tubers

研究不同外源激素对山药扦插苗地下块茎生长和酶活性的影响,为提高山药微型薯活性和产量提供有效的控施途径。以适合浙西地区种植的9种山药品种为供试材料,四个时期喷施不同激素,以空白为对照,测定不同品种农艺性状和酶活性。试验结果表明矮壮素和褪黑素施用对处理的试验中大部分山药品种块茎膨大存在一定增重作用,0.3μmol/L吲哚乙酸喷施能有效促进山药扦插苗块茎的生长和酶活性的提高,50 mg/L赤霉素和30 mg/L脱落酸喷施针对部分山药块茎酶活性有促进作用,个别品种存在抑制现象。山药块茎生长性状和酶活性的聚类分析中,不同激素处理下的生长性状和酶活性均分为3类,Ⅰ类对褪黑素和矮壮素喷施较为敏感,Ⅱ类属于对矮壮素和赤霉素喷施较为敏感的品种,Ⅲ类综合3个指标矮壮素喷施最为显著。该研究为生产中利用外源激素提高山药扦插苗微型薯抗氧化酶活性和产量提供一定参考。

To study the effects of different exogenous hormones on the growth and enzyme activity of underground tubers of Chinese yam cuttings,so as to provide an effective way to improve the activity and yield of micro yam.Nine kinds of yam varieties suitable for planting in western Zhejiang were used as test materials.Different hormones were sprayed in four periods,and the blank was used as control to determine the agronomic characters and enzyme activities of different varieties.The results showed that the application of chlormequat and melatonin had a certain weight increasing effect on the tuber expansion of most Chinese yam varieties in the treatment test,and IAA spraying was 0.3μmol/L can effectively promote the tuber growth and enzyme activity of yam cuttings.Spraying50 mg/L GA and 30 mg/L ABA could promote the enzyme activity of some yam tubers,and some varieties had inhibition.In the cluster analysis of the growth characters and enzyme activities of yam tubers,the growth characters and enzyme activities under different hormone treatments were divided into three categories.CategoryⅠwas more sensitive to melatonin and chlormequat spraying,categoryⅡwas more sensitive to chlormequat and gibberellin(GA)spraying,and categoryⅢcombined the three indicators,chlormequat spraying was the most significant.This study can provide some reference for the use of exogenous hormones to improve the antioxidant enzyme activity and yield of yam cuttings.