以“权利束”的视角探究商业秘密权的刑法保护

On the Criminal Protection of Business Secrets Right from the Perspective of"Right Bundle"

作为一种无形无质的凝聚了商业价值的信息,商业秘密凭借其来源多样、权利主体身份复杂以及法律价值和现实价值错位等特性,可以在其上构造多项权益的集合,该集合具备复合型的权利结构和网格化的复杂特点。基于传统的复杂客体说,侵犯商业秘密罪保护的法益仍局限于物权的保护模式,而忽视了商业秘密在财产上的复杂性质,因而应以“权利束”的观点重新认识本罪。权利束虽然在解决信息、数据等财产权利方面具备较大的优势,但仍需在设置上做进一步的限制,防止本罪保护范围的不当扩大。

As a kind of intangible and qualitative information that condenses business value,business secrets can build a collection of multiple rights and interests by virtue of its diverse sources,complex identity of right subjects,dislocation of legal value and practical value,and this collection has the complex characteristics of compound right structure and grid.Based on the traditional complex object theory,the legal protection on infringingbusiness secrets are still limited to the protection mode of real rights,while ignoring the complex nature of business secrets in property.Therefore,this crime should be recognized from the perspective of"right bundle".Although the right bundle has great advantages in solving property rights such as information and data,further restrictions are needed in setting the scope and prevent improper expansions.