低蛋白饲粮添加酶菌肽复合制剂对肉鸡养分表观利用率、免疫功能及肠道健康的影响

Effects of Low Protein Diet Supplemented with Enzyme, Probiotics and Antimicrobial Peptides Compound Additive on Nutrient Availability, Immune Function and Intestinal Health of Broilers

为研究低蛋白饲粮中添加酶菌肽复合制剂对肉鸡养分表观利用率、免疫功能及肠道健康的影响,试验选取390只1日龄哈伯德肉公鸡,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复13只鸡。正常蛋白(NP)组饲喂基础日粮(前、中和后期粗蛋白水平分别为22%、20%和19%);低蛋白(LP)组饲喂低蛋白饲粮(前、中和后期粗蛋白水平分别为19%、17%和16%);试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在LP组饲粮基础上添加0.2%、0.4%和0.6%的酶菌肽复合制剂。试验期42 d。结果显示:与NP组相比,LP组可提高粗蛋白利用率(P<0.05),但对肉鸡肠道结构有一定不良影响(P<0.05);Ⅲ组粗蛋白与有机物利用率显著高于LP组(P<0.05);与LP组相比,Ⅲ组肉鸡脾脏指数显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组肉鸡法氏囊指数、血清IgG和溶菌酶含量显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组十二指肠胰蛋白酶活性显著高于LP组(P<0.05);与LP组相比,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组小肠各肠段组织形态均有改善(P<0.05),表现在绒隐比的提高。综上所述,低蛋白饲粮中添加0.6%酶菌肽复合制剂可有效提高肉鸡养分表观利用率、免疫器官指数、免疫球蛋白含量和消化酶活性,改善肠道形态。

To investigate the effects of low protein diet supplemented with enzyme, probiotics and antimicrobial peptides compound additive(EPA) on nutrient apparent availability, immune function and intestinal health of broilers. A total of 390 1-dayage Hubbard male broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 13 broilers per replicate. The normal protein(NP) group was fed with a basal diet(crude protein level was 22%, 20% and 19% in early, middle and late stage, respectively). The low protein(LP) group was fed with a low protein diet(crude protein level was 19%, 17% and 16% in early, middle and late stage, respectively). Group Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed with a low protein diet supplemented with 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6%EPA. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed that compared with NP group, LP group could increase crude protein utilization(P<0.05), but had certain adverse effects on intestinal structure of broilers(P<0.05). The utilization rates of crude protein and organic matter in group Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in LP group(P<0.05);Compared with LP group,spleen index of broilers in group Ⅲ was significantly increased(P<0.05), bursa of fabritius index of broilers in group Ⅱ and Ⅲwas significantly increased(P<0.05);The contents of IgG and lysozyme in serum in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in LP group(P<0.05);Duodenal trypsin activity of broilers in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in LP group(P<0.05);Compared with LP group, all intestinal segments of small intestine were improved in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ(P<0.05),which was manifested in the increase of the villus height to crypt depth ratio. In conclusion, the low protein diet supplemented with 0.6% EPA could improve the nutrient availability, immune organ index, immunoglobulin content and digestive enzyme activity, and improve intestinal morphology of broilers.