泸州市城区居民2019-2020年健康素养水平及影响因素分析

Analysis on health literacy and influencing factors among urban residents in Luzhou city from 2019 to 2020

目的了解泸州市城区居民2019-2020年健康素养水平及影响因素,为相关部门开展健康教育干预工作及制定相关卫生健康政策提供科学依据。方法于2019年11月和2020年11月,采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法分别抽取泸州市城区15~69岁居民300人,采用《四川省居民健康素养问卷》对其开展问卷调查,并分析其健康素养具备率及影响因素。结果2020年泸州市城区居民健康素养具备率(17.33%)高于2019年(11.67%);2020年泸州市城区居民三方面(χ^(2)=4.213~18.825)、六类问题健康素养水平(χ^(2)=7.189~26.210)均高于2019年,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示:居住地[农村,比值比(OR)=0.328,95%置信区间(95%CI):0.128~0.840],年龄(60~69岁,OR=0.186,95%CI:0.057~0.603),文化程度(初中,OR=3.416,95%CI:1.128~10.347;高中/职高/中专,OR=6.176,95%CI:1.946~19.602;大专/本科及以上,OR=9.419,95%CI:2.576~34.566;硕士研究生及以上,OR=12.262,95%CI:2.662~56.485),家庭年收入(≥100000元,OR=2.623,95%CI:1.308~5.260)是居民健康素养水平的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论2020年泸州市城区居民健康素养具备率高于2019年。居住地、年龄、文化程度和家庭年收入是健康素养水平的独立影响因素。

Objective To understand the health literacy and influencing factors among urban residents in Luzhou city from 2019 to 2020,so as to provide scientific basis for relevant departments to carry out health education intervention and formulate relevant health policies.Methods In November 2019 and November 2020,a total of 300 residents aged 15~69 years old in the urban area of Luzhou city were selected by stratified multi-stage random sampling method.The questionnaire survey was conducted by Sichuan Residents′ Health Literacy Questionnaire, and the rate of health literacy and its influencing factors were analyzed.Results The health literacy rate of urban residents in Luzhou city in 2020(17.33%) was higher than that in 2019(11.67%).The health literacy level of Luzhou urban residents in the three aspects(χ^(2)=4.213-18.825) and six questions of the health literacy(χ^(2)=7.189-26.210) in 2020 were higher than those in 2019,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the place of residence(rural area, OR=0.328,95%CI:0.128-0.840),age(60-69 years old, OR=0.186,95%CI:0.057-0.603),education level(junior middle school, OR=3.416,95%CI:1.128-10.347;high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school, OR=6.176,95%CI:1.946-19.602;college/bachelor degree or above, OR=9.419,95%CI:2.576-34.566;master or above, OR=12.262,95%CI:2.662-56.485),and annual household income(≥100 000 yuan, OR=2.623,95%CI:1.308-5.260) were the influencing factors of residents′ health literacy level(P<0.05).Conclusion The health literacy rate of urban residents in Luzhou in 2020 is higher than that in 2019,and its independent influencing factors are place of residence, age, educational level and annual household income.