气道一氧化氮测定在慢性气道炎症疾病中的应用进展

Application progress of exhaled nitric oxide test in chronic airway inflammatory diseases

支气管哮喘(BA)和慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是世界范围内两大主要的慢性气道炎症疾病,近年来发病率持续上升。两者发病机制均与慢性气道炎症及氧化应激等密切相关,即与体内的氧化/抗氧化系统失衡,氧化活性大于抗氧化活性而导致的一系列病理生理变化有关。其中一氧化氮(NO)作为氧化应激的产物之一,近年来其在COPD和BA中的诊治作用日益受到重视。本文将对气道NO的作用机制、检测方式及其在BA和COPD中的应用现状做一综述。

Bronchial asthma(BA) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) are two major chronic airway inflammatory diseases in the world, with their incidence continuously rising in recent years. The pathogenesis of both diseases is closely related to chronic airway inflammation and oxidative stress, which is related to a series of pathophysiological changes caused by the imbalance of the oxidation/antioxidant system in the body and the fact that the oxidation activity is greater than the antioxidant activity. Nitric oxide(NO), one of the products of oxidative stress, has attracted increasing attention in the diagnosis and treatment of COPD and asthma in recent years. This article will review the mechanism of action, detection methods of exhaled NO and its application in BA and COPD.