基于数据挖掘的专利复方治疗失眠的用药规律

Study on the medication rules of patent compound prescriptions for insomnia based on data mining

目的 对中药专利复方治疗失眠的组方用药规律进行数据挖掘与分析,以期给失眠的中医临床施治提供相关参考。方法 检索专利数据库中2012年5月至2022年5月有关失眠治疗的中药专利复方文献,以此为初始数据源,按要求筛选后,建立可用数据库,运用中医传承辅助系统(V2.5),分别以频数分析、关联规则、聚类分析处理数据,研究组方用药规律。结果 最终纳入复方130个,中药282味,最常用的单味药物依次为甘草、酸枣仁、远志、当归、茯神等,单药四气依次为温、平等,单药五味依次为甘、苦等,单药多归心、肝经,最常用的药对为甘草-酸枣仁;关联规则分析出最具关联性的药物组合为柏子仁→远志;熵方法分析出新方组合为竹茹-胆南星-节菖蒲-蜂蜜等。结论 失眠治疗以安神为要,分期与虚实同辨:病初补益气血、滋阴降火、补益心气以养心安神,清热化痰、疏肝泻火以宁心安神,病进重镇安神。

Objective To conduct data mining and analysis on the composition and medication rules of patent compound prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for insomnia, so as to provide relevant reference for the TCM clinical treatment of insomnia. Methods The literature on TCM patent compound prescriptions for insomnia from May 2012 to May 2022 in the patent database was retrieved, which was the initial data source.Upon screening as required, an available database was established, and the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System(V2.5) was utilized to process the data by frequency analysis, association rules,and cluster analysis, respectively, in order to study the composition and medication rules. Results A total of 130 compound prescriptions and 282 Chinese medicines were finally included. The most commonly used single drugs were licorice, Semen Ziziphi spinosae, Radix Polygalae, angelica, and Indian Bread with Pine in turn.The nature of those single drugs was warm and neutral in turn. The flavor of those single drugs was sweet and bitter in turn. The single drugs mostly entered the Heart and Liver meridians. The most commonly used drug pair was licorice-Semen Ziziphi spinosae. The association rule analysis showed that the most relevant drug combination was Platycladi Semen → Radix Polygalae. The entropy analysis indicated that the new compound prescription was bamboo shavings-Arisaema Cum Bile-Rhizoma Anemones Altaicae-Honey, etc. Conclusion The treatment of insomnia should focus on calming the mind, and its stages together with deficiency and excess should be identified. At the beginning of the disease, it is necessary to replenish qi and nourish blood, nourish yin and descend fire as well as benefit heart qi to nourish the heart and calm the mind, and to clear heat and remove phlegm, soothe the liver and purge fire to ease the heart and calm the mind. As the disease progresses, it is necessary to adopt tranquillization with heavy prescription.