渭城区学龄前儿童口腔卫生行为调查

Investigation on oral hygiene behavior of preschool children in Weicheng District

目的 研究学龄前儿童口腔健康状况及其影响因素。方法 采用问卷调查的方法,在2019年7月至2020年11月随机向咸阳市渭城区363名学龄前儿童的家长发放调查问卷,调查不同性别与户籍的学龄前儿童的口腔健康行为与刷牙行为情况,利用SPSS软件对调查数据进行整理分析。结果 城镇学龄前儿童的口腔健康行为表现优于农村学龄前儿童,睡前从未食用甜点或者含糖饮料的城镇学龄前儿童占比34.07%,明显高于农村学龄前儿童的16.13%(χ^(2)=16.865,P <0.05);54.44%的城镇学龄前儿童从不饮用碳酸饮料,而46.24%的农村学龄前儿童经常饮用碳酸饮料(χ^(2)=63.942,P <0.05)。从刷牙行为来看,城镇学龄前儿童中刷牙的比例(77.04%)大于农村学龄前儿童(62.37%)(χ^(2)=7.604,P <0.05),且有68.97%的农村学龄前儿童的家长为孩子选择含氟的牙膏,约是城镇学龄前儿童的家长(35.10%)的两倍(χ^(2)=21.292,P <0.05)。结论家长、学校和社区要合力,强化口腔健康知识的宣传教育,引导学龄前儿童形成良好的刷牙习惯和饮食习惯,注重口腔健康保健。

Objective To investigate the oral health status of preschool children and its impacting factors.Methods A questionnaire was randomly distributed from July 2019 to November 2020 to the parents of 363preschool children in Weicheng District, Xianyang City. The oral health behavior and tooth brushing behaviors of preschool children of different genders and household registration were investigated, and SPSS software was used to collate and analyze the survey data. Results The oral health behavior performance of urban preschool children was superior to that of rural preschool children. The proportion of urban preschool children who never ate dessert or sugared beverage before bedtime was 34.07%, significantly higher than 16.13% of rural preschool children(χ^(2)=16.865, P < 0.05). 54.44% of urban preschool children never drank carbonated beverage, while 46.24% of rural preschool children often drank carbonated beverage(χ^(2)=63.942, P < 0.05). From the perspective of tooth brushing behavior, the proportion of urban preschool children brushing their teeth was 77.04%, slightly greater than 62.37% of rural preschool children(χ^(2)=7.604, P < 0.05). In addition, 68.97% of the parents of rural preschool children chose fluoride toothpaste for their children, which was about twice as much as the parents of urban preschool children choosing fluoride toothpaste(35.10%)(χ^(2)=21.292, P < 0.05). Conclusion Parents, schools and communities should work together to strengthen the publicity and education of oral health knowledge, guide preschool children to form good tooth brushing habits and eating habits, and pay attention to oral health care.