中国A级景区空间关联性及异质性分析

Spatial Correlation and Heterogeneity Analysis of A-class Scenic Spots in China

为回应区域A级景区建设应当规模优先还是质量至上这一实践问题,文章分析A级景区的空间分布扩散路径和不同地域空间A级景区的建设路径,重点探讨A级景区数量和质量变化的本地效应和空间溢出效应。结果显示:(1)2011—2019年,A级景区数量与质量提升重心向西部迁移,且相邻省份A级景区分布具有空间相关性。(2)A级景区旅游效应具有阶段性,2011—2015年相邻省份具有旅游空间竞争性,高A级景区对邻接省份客流具有显著的“虹吸效应”;2016—2019年相邻省份表现为旅游协同增长,A级景区数量对邻接省份客流产生显著的“扩散效应”。(3)A级景区旅游效应具有东中西部的地带性差异,由东向西省际旅游空间关联由竞争向合作转化,东部地区A级景区建设应遵循规模优先的增长路径,而西部地区秉持质量至上是更优策略。(4)东西部地区旅游循环尺度、旅游发展定位和发展阶段具有差异,东部地区提升交通密度有助于旅游业发展,西部地区旅游接待条件、人才储备和与外界的信息连通度是优化旅游业的显性要素。

In order to respond to the practical question of whether the construction of regional A-class scenic spots should give priority to quantity or quality,this paper analyzes the spatial distribution and diffusion path of A-class scenic spots and the construction path of A-class scenic spots in different regions,and focuses on the local effect and spatial spillover effect of the changes in the quantity and quality of A-class scenic spots. The findings are as follows: 1) From 2011 to2019,the gravity centers of quantity and quality of A-class scenic spots move to the west,and has the spatial correlation with A-class scenic spots in neighboring provinces. 2) The tourism effect of the construction of regional A-class scenic spots shows the staged characteristic. From 2011 to 2015, neighboring provinces are competitive in tourism space, and high-A-class scenic spots have a significant "siphon effect" on the tourist flow of neighboring provinces. From 2016 to2019,neighboring provinces show the characteristic of the tourism synergistic growth,and the number of A-class scenic spots has a significant "diffusion effect" on the tourism flow in neighboring provinces. 3) The tourism effect of the construction of regional A-class scenic spots is different among the eastern, middle and western regions. The interprovincial tourism association has been transformed from competition to cooperation from the east of China to the west.The construction of A-class scenic spots in the east of China should follow the path of increasing the number of A-class scenic spots, while it chooses the quality path in the west of China. 4) Tourism cycle scale, tourism development orientation,and development stage are different in the eastern and western regions. Improving traffic density in the eastern region is conducive to tourism development, while tourism reception conditions, talent reserves, and information connectivity with the outside world are the dominant factors to optimize tourism in the western region.