第四轮示范区针对涉黄涉毒人员开展艾滋病防治工作效果分析

HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control among Erotic or Drug related Arrests of the Fourth Round of the China Comprehensive AIDS Response(CARES)Program

目的了解第四轮全国艾滋病综合防治示范区针对涉黄涉毒违法犯罪人员(涉嫌卖淫嫖娼、聚众淫乱、吸毒贩毒人员)开展艾滋病防治主要工作执行情况,为促进相关工作的有效开展提供借鉴与参考。方法采用横断面调查研究,对2021年全部120个示范区涉黄涉毒人员进行HIV检测,对检测发现的HIV感染者进行规范随访管理并开展ART等工作,并与暗娼人群和性病门诊就诊者HIV阳性检出率情况进行比较,运用χ^(2)检验进行统计分析。结果2021年涉黄涉毒人员、暗娼人群和性病门诊就诊者HIV抗体阳性检出率分别为86.42/万、13.03/万和32.45/万,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=812.46,P<0.01)。各示范区均针对涉黄涉毒人员开展预防艾滋病防治工作提出了明确要求,其中61个示范区由公安部门或公安部门联合其他部门印发了专门文件。在上报有涉黄涉毒人员的110个示范区中,HIV检测比例达到100%的有107个(97.27%)。检测发现HIV感染者的72个(65.45%)示范区100%落实了规范随访管理,63个(87.50%)示范区落实了检测发现HIV感染者100%纳入ART。结论示范区针对涉黄涉毒人员开展艾滋病防治工作取得了良好的效果。涉黄涉毒人员中HIV抗体阳性检出率高于暗娼人群和性病门诊就诊者。示范区工作促进了针对涉黄涉毒人员开展艾滋病防治工作相关政策文件发布、HIV检测、检测发现阳性者规范随访管理和ART工作。

Objective To understand HIV/AIDS prevention and control works among arrests on suspicion of prostitution,group prostitution,drug abuse,or drug trafficking(erotic or drug related arrests)in program areas covered by the Fourth Round of the China Comprehensive AIDS Response(CARES).The results will provide a reference for promoting future HIV/AIDS prevention and control in related working areas.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 collecting data from 120 CARES program areas regarding HIV testing,standard HIV follow-up,and HIV ART services provision among erotic or drug related arrests.The HIV-positive detection rate in erotic or drug related arrests was compared with that in sex workers and STD outpatients.χ^(2)test was used to conduct the analysis.Results The HIV-positive detection rate in erotic or drug related arrests(86.42 per 10000 persons)was far higher than that in the sex workers and STD outpatients,which were 13.03 and 32.45 per 10000 persons,respectively.The difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=812.46,P<0.01).There were well-defined requirements by the CARES program to carry out HIV/AIDS prevention and control works among erotic or drug related arrests,and 61 CARES program areas had ever issued specific documents by the local Public Security Department or jointly with other departments.Among the 110 program areas that reported erotic or drug related arrests,107(97.27%)had 100%coverage for HIV testing and 72(65.45%)had 100%coverage of standard HIV follow-up for those who were positive.Among these 72 program areas,63(87.50%)achieved100%HIV ART coverage.Conclusions China CARES program promotes HIV/AIDS prevention and controls works among erotic or drug related arrests with positive effects.The HIV-positive detection rate in erotic or drug related arrests was higher than that in sex workers and STD outpatients.China’s CARES program has demonstrated its contribution to the policy issuance for HIV/AIDS prevention and control in erotic or drug related arrests and has greatly promoted the implementation of HIV testing,HIV-positive follow-up,as well as HIV treatment.