蒲公英对肉鸡盲肠菌群和短链脂肪酸含量的影响

Effect of Dandelion on Cecal Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acids Content in Broilers

为研究蒲公英对肉仔鸡盲肠菌群和短链脂肪酸(Short chain fatty acids,SCFAs)含量的影响及其相关性分析,试验选取120只体重相近、健康的1日龄AA肉仔鸡公雏,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复8只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,低剂量组、高剂量组分别饲喂含500、1000 mg/kg蒲公英粉末的基础日粮,试验期42 d。通过测定分析肉仔鸡盲肠食糜中的肠道菌群和SCFAs含量以对其进行探讨。结果显示:对照组、低剂量组和高剂量组的盲肠菌群结构存在差异;与对照组相比,高剂量组肉鸡盲肠菌群绿弯菌门和黏菌门相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05);低剂量组与高剂量组肉仔鸡盲肠中丙酸含量显著提高(P<0.05)。在肉鸡盲肠中乙酸含量与厚壁菌门、CHKCI001、Subdoligranulum相对丰度呈显著正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),丁酸含量与厚壁菌门、粪栖杆菌属、CHKCI001、Subdoligranulum相对丰度呈显著正相关(P<0.05);异丁酸以及异戊酸含量与放线菌门相对丰度呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。乙酸、丁酸以及戊酸含量与拟杆菌门或拟杆菌属相对丰度呈显著负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结果表明,饲粮添加蒲公英能在一定程度上改变肉鸡盲肠肠道菌群结构,提高绿弯菌门、黏菌门等有益菌相对丰度及SCFAs含量,且SCFAs含量与菌群丰度密切相关。

This study aimed to investigate effect of dandelion on cecal microbiota and short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)content in broilers and its correlation analysis.One-hundred and twenty 1-day-age Arbor Acres(AA)male broiler chickens were randomly divided into four groups,with five replicates of eight birds each.The birds were fed basal diet(control group)or supplemented with 500 mg/kg dandelion(low dose group)or 1000 mg/kg dandelion(high dose group)for 42 days.The results showed that the structure of cecal microbiota in control group,low dose and high dose group was different;Compared with control group,the relative abundance of Chloroflexi and Myxococcota in high dose group was increased(P<0.05),the content of SCFAs in low dose and high dose groups was increased(P<0.05).There were positive correlations among the content of acetic acid and the relative abundance of Firmicutes,CHKCI001,Subdoligranulum;There were positive correlations among the content of propionic acid and the relative abundance of Firmicutes,NK4A214_group,Staphylococcus(P<0.05 or P<0.01);There were positive correlations among the content of butyric acid and the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Faecalibacterium,CHKCI001,Subdoligranulum(P<0.05);There were positive correlations among the content of isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid and the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota(P<0.05).There were negative correlations among the content of acetic acid,butyric acid,and valeric acid and the relative abundance of Bacteroidota or Bacteroides(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The overall results suggested that dietary dandelion could change the structure of cecal microbiota in broilers to a ceratin extent,increase the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Chloroflexi and Myxococcota,increase the content of SCFAs,and there were closely correlations among the content of SCFAs and the relative abundance of microbiota.