丁酸梭菌、枯草芽孢杆菌对高邮鸭盲肠菌群结构的影响研究

Effects of Clostridium butyricum or Bacillus subtilis on Cecal Microbiota of Gaoyou Ducks

试验旨在研究饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌或枯草芽孢杆菌对高邮鸭盲肠菌群结构的影响。选择1日龄健康、体重相近的高邮鸭90只,随机分成3组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只,试验期60 d。对照组饲喂基础日粮,丁酸梭菌组、枯草芽孢杆菌组分别在基础日粮中添加0.03%丁酸梭菌、0.05%枯草芽孢杆菌。结果显示,饲粮添加0.03%丁酸梭菌或0.05%枯草芽孢杆菌显著增加60日龄高邮鸭体重(P<0.05),提高饲料转化率;与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.03%丁酸梭菌或0.05%枯草芽孢杆菌可显著降低PD whole tree指数(P<0.05),显著降低梭杆菌门、密螺旋体属和梭杆菌属相对丰度(P<0.05);与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.03%丁酸梭菌显著增加巨单胞菌属和卡拉杆菌属相对丰度(P<0.05),饲粮添加0.05%枯草芽孢杆菌可显著降低厌氧螺菌属相对丰度(P<0.05);对照组、丁酸梭菌组和枯草芽孢杆菌组的差异菌属分别为梭杆菌属、巨单胞菌属和密螺旋体属。综上所述,饲粮添加0.03%丁酸梭菌或0.05%枯草芽孢杆菌后,高邮鸭盲肠微生物梭杆菌等有害菌相对丰度减少,调节肠道菌群平衡,促进鸭肠道健康。

This experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of Clostridium butyricum or Bacillus subtilis on the cecal microbiota in Gaoyou ducks.A total of 90 healthy 1-day-age Gaoyou ducks with average body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 10 ducks per replicate.The control group was fed basal diet,Clostridium butyricum group and Bacillus subtilis group were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.03%Clostridium butyricum and 0.05%Bacillus subtilis respectively.The experiment lasted for 60 days.The results showed that dietary supplementation of0.03%Clostridium butyricum or 0.05%Bacillus subtilis could increase body weight(P<0.05)and feed conversion rate of Gaoyou ducks at 40 to 60 days of age.Compared with the control group,dietary supplementation of 0.03%Clostridium butyricum or0.05%Bacillus subtilis could significantly reduce PD whole tree and the relative abundance of Fusobacteriota,Treponema and Fusobacterium in cecal contents of Gaoyou duck(P<0.05);Dietary supplementation of 0.03%Clostridium butyricum could significantly increase the relative abundance of Megomonas and Phascolarctobacterium(P<0.05),and dietary supplementation of 0.05%Bacillus subtilis could significantly decrease the relative abundance of Anaerobiospirillum in cecal contents of Gaoyou duck(P<0.05).Different bacteria genera among the control group,Clostridium butyricum group and Bacillus subtilis group were Fusobacterium,Megomonas and Treponema respectively.In conclusion,dietary supplementation of 0.03%Clostridium butyricum or 0.05%Bacillus subtilis could reduce the relative abundance of harmful bacteria such as Fusobacterium,regulate intestinal flora balance and enhance the intestinal health of Gaoyou ducks.