基于文献计量分析的黑土研究热点与发展趋势

为进一步探究国内外黑土的研究现状及热点问题,基于文献计量学的相关方法分析1900—2022年在该领域发表的文章并对其进行评估。基于Web of Science核心合集数据库,利用VOSviewer,HistCite和Origin软件对发文量及年度变化趋势、重要发文期刊、主要研究力量、经典文献和研究热点与发展趋势等进行计量分析。结果表明,黑土领域年度发文量逐年增加,主要发文期刊有Eurasian Soil Science,Canadian Journal of Soil Science,Geoderma等。黑土的研究涉及多个国家,发文量前3位的国家是中国、俄罗斯和美国;发文机构主要是中国科学院、俄罗斯科学院、加拿大农业及农业食品部、莫斯科大学、中国科学院大学和中国农业科学院等,其中发文量前10位的作者来自中国和加拿大。黑土领域前10位的重要文献中,综述性文章居多;关键词聚类网络可分为五大类,分别是土地利用变化对土壤侵蚀与退化的影响、农耕对黑土的影响、重金属污染、土壤微生物和酶活性、土壤有机质(碳)。加强土壤有机质保护与退化恢复的理论研究,探究土壤有机质稳定性机制问题,通过实验定量比较黑土中各项物理、化学指标,寻找黑土长期开垦以来不同植被类型、施肥制度和有机质输入等因素对黑土发育过程的影响是未来黑土的主要研究方向。

In order to further explore the research status and hot issues of black soil at home and abroad,based on the relevant methods of bibliometrics,quantitative and qualitative assessments were made on the papers published in this field during 1900-2022.Based on the core collection database of Web of Science,used VosViewer,Histcit and Origin software to conduct quantitative analysis on the number of published papers and their annual change trend,important published journals,major research forces(important published countries,institutions and authors),classic literature,research hotspots and development trends.The results showed that:the annual number of papers published in the field of black soil shows a trend of gradual increase worldwide,and the major journals are Eurasian Soil Science,Canadian Journal of Soil Science,Geoderma,etc.;the research on black soil involves many countries,the top three countries are China,Russia and the United States;the authors are mainly Chinese Academy of Sciences,Russian Academy of Sciences,Agriculture and Agri-food Canada,Moscow University,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,etc.,among them,the top 10 authors are mostly from China and Canada;among the top 10 important literatures in the field of black soil,the review articles accounted for a high proportion;the key word clustering network can be divided into five categories:soil erosion and degradation,the effect of farming on black soil,heavy metal pollution,soil microbial and enzyme activities,soil organic matter(carbon).Strengthening theoretical research on soil organic matter conservation and degradation restoration,exploring the problem of soil organic matter stability mechanism,comparing various physical and chemical indexes in black soils quantitatively through experiments,and finding the effects of different vegetation types,fertilization systems and organic matter input on the development process of black soils since the long-term reclamation of black soils are the main research directions of black soils in the future.