集体回归何以可能?村社合一型合作社发展集体经济的逻辑

How to Bring the Collective Back in? The Logic of the Development of Collective Economy by Village Collective-based Cooperatives

发展合作经济与集体经济对乡村治理体系建设具有重要意义。本文运用结构-行动关系下的新制度主义分析框架,探寻村社合一型合作社发展集体经济的制度逻辑与实践逻辑。本文认为,村社合一型合作社发展集体经济是在一定的社会结构和制度情境下,集体经济组织与合作经济组织相互融合与嵌入的发展过程。制度性建构机制、理性化选择机制和模仿性扩散机制,既形塑了集体经济组织与农民专业合作社联动运行中村社合一型合作社发展集体经济的生成路径、演化空间与组织边界,也使其实践发展面临需要克服的困境。在新的时代背景与社会条件下,村社合一型合作社发展集体经济需要进一步调整国家、市场、社会三者之间的关系。通过进一步拓展市场机制的运作空间,健全社群合作机制,完善行动者之间的沟通交流机制,可以为村社合一型合作社发展集体经济提供更为广阔的实践空间,这有助于在促进国家与乡村社会良好互动的过程中实现集体回归。

Cooperative economy and collective economy play an important role in rural social governance. This article explores the institutional logic and practical logic of the development of collective economy using the analytical framework of the new institutionalism under the structure-action relationship. The study argues that the development of collective economy by village collective-based cooperatives is a process of integration and embeddedness of cooperative economic organizations and collective economic organizations under a certain social structure and institutional context. Institutional construction mechanism, rational choice mechanism and imitative diffusion mechanism not only shape the generation path, evolution space and organizational boundary of the village collective-based cooperatives in the joint operation of farmers’ specialized cooperatives and collective economic organizations to develop the collective economy, but also make their practical development face certain difficulties. In the new era, the development of the collective economy by village collective-based cooperatives still needs to coordinate the strength of the state, market and society. By further expanding the operation space of the market, improving community cooperation mechanism, and enhancing communications and exchanges between agents, more effective practical space can be provided for the developmentof collective economy by village collective-based cooperatives, whichis conducive to bringingthe collective back in.