华南地区常见澳洲坚果砧木品种的优选

Optimization of Stocks of Common Macadamia spp. in South China

为突破澳洲坚果存在嫁接难且成活率低等育苗技术难题,研究以华南地区8个常见澳洲坚果品种为砧木和4个品种为接穗,采用层次分析法赋值比较砧木—接穗成活率、新梢分支数、最健壮的新梢直径、新梢最长长度以及新梢氮、磷、钾含量等7个指标,结果表明8种澳洲坚果砧木品种从优到劣的顺序为695> 900>桂热1号> H2> A16> OC>南亚3号> 788,亦发现了3个最佳砧木-接穗的搭配为695-A16、900-桂热1号和桂热1号-A16。砧木和穗条的合理选择是解决澳洲坚果嫁接技术难题的关键。

To resolve the technical problems of difficult grafting and low survival rates in Macadamia spp.,in this study, eight common varieties of Macadamia spp in South China were used as stocks, and four varieties were used as scions. An analytic hierarchy method was applied to compare seven indexes including survival rates of different scions, numbers of newly sprouted shoots, diameters of the strongest new shoots, and content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the new shoots. Our results show that eight stocks of Macadamia varieties were ordered from the best to the worst: 695>900>Guire No.1>H2>A16>OC>Nanya No.3>788. The top three stock-scion combinations were 695-A16, 900-Guire No.1 and Guire No.1-A16. Selection of suitable stocks and corresponding scions is essential to resolve the problems of the grafting techniques in Macadamia spp..