“双碳”目标下倾斜厚矿体切割槽的优化设计与施工

Optimized design and construction of inclined thick ore body cutting trough under“double carbon”target

碳达峰和碳中和目标是我国党中央、国务院统筹国际国内大局作出的重大战略决策。矿产资源开发作为我国碳排放的重大行业,应当主动承担起在“双碳”目标下的主要责任。矿体开采过程中,切割槽的优化与布设是安全、高效回采倾斜厚矿体的关键所在。拉槽质量直接影响落矿效果和矿石回收率及矿石贫化率指标。在分段采矿的底部结构拉槽时,传统拉槽工艺容易造成切割巷出矿口眉线严重破坏,致使采空区内大量残存矿石无法回收,进而降低矿石回收率。倾斜矿体采用竖直切割槽开槽时,废石混入率、矿石贫化率高。为提高矿石回收率以满足“双碳”目标,在冀东某铁矿分段嗣后充填采矿法中,对切割槽施工工艺进行了优化,在上盘切割巷内的切割斜井两侧确定拉槽空间,通过中深孔落矿的方式以切割井为自由面向矿房两侧边界逐排爆破拉槽,工程实践表明,通过切割槽的优化,矿石回采率提高了7.73个百分点,矿石贫化率降低了2.52个百分点,切割拉槽效果良好。此方法对于相似矿山具有一定借鉴意义。

The goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is a major strategic decision made by the Party Central Committee and the State Council of China to coordinate the international and domestic situation.As a major carbon emitting industry in China,mineral resources development should take the initiative to assume the main responsibility for the"double carbon"target.During the process of ore body mining,the optimization and deployment of cutting channels is the key to safe and efficient recovery of inclined thick ore bodies.The quality of the pulling slot directly affects the effect of ore falling and the index of ore recovery and ore depletion rate.In the bottom structure slotting of sectional mining,the traditional slotting process tends to cause serious damage to the brow line at the exit of the cutting lane,resulting in a large amount of residual ore in the mining void area cannot be recovered,thus reducing the ore recovery rate.The waste rock mixing rate and ore depletion rate are high when the inclined ore body is slotted with vertical cutting slots.To improve ore recovery to meet the"double carbon"target,in a segmented iron ore mine in the east of Hebei province,the construction process of the cutting slot was optimized,and the slotting space was determined on both sides of the cutting inclined shaft in the cutting lane of the upper plate,and the slotting was blasted row by row with the cutting shaft as the free side to the boundary of both sides of the mine room utilizing medium depth hole drop.The engineering practice shows that through the optimization of the cutting slot,the ore recovery rate is increased by 7.73 percentage points,the ore depletion rate is reduced by 2.52 percentage points,and the effect of the cutting slot is good.This method has some significance for similar mines.