踝关节合并三角韧带损伤的研究进展

Research Progress of Ankle Joint Combined with Triangular Ligament Injury

踝关节骨折在临床上是最常见骨折之一。踝关节骨折是一种复合伤,常常伴有三角韧带受损。踝部的三角韧带又称内侧副韧带,是维持内踝力学稳定的重要组织。其结构相对复杂,损伤后容易漏诊。三角韧带的作用可以防止距骨外移、外翻、外旋,一旦其损伤,内踝的稳定性会变差。对于是否修复三角韧带,医学上并未达成共识。近年来三角韧带损伤越来越受到骨科医生的关注,目前尚无金标准关于确诊三角韧带损伤,主要综合临床表现及踝关节X线片、B超、MRI等影像学检查。对于手术,国内倾向于三角韧带修复,国外倾向于三角韧带重建。本文旨在综述“踝关节骨折伴三角韧带损伤”诊疗的研究进展。

Ankle fracture is one of the most common fracture diseases. Ankle fracture is a kind of compound injury, often accompanied by triangular ligament damage. The triangular ligament of the ankle, also known as the medial collateral ligament, plays an important role in maintaining the mechanical stability of the medial malleolus.The structure of medial collateral ligament is relatively complex, and it is easy to miss diagnosis after injury. The role of the medial collateral ligament can prevent the talus from moving outward, eversion and external rotation, once it is injured, the stability of the medial malleolus will become worse. There is no consensus on whether to repair the triangular ligament. In recent years, triangular ligament injury has been paid more and more attention by orthopedic doctors, at present, there is no gold standard for the diagnosis of triangular ligament injury, mainly including clinical manifestations and ankle X-ray, B-ultrasound, MRI and other imaging examinations. For the surgical treatment of triangular ligament injury, Chinese doctors prefer to repair the triangular ligament, while most international doctors prefer to reconstruct the triangular ligament. This article aims to review the research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of "ankle fracture with triangular ligament injury".