肾结石微观结构和晶体结构的研究现状与进展

Research status and progress of crystal structure of kidney stone

肾结石是由各种无机盐和有机物按照一定规律混合生长而成。晶体成核、生长和聚集等过程是肾结石形成的关键步骤。晶体结构的不同会带来肾结石形成过程和结石理化性质的不同。研究肾结石的晶体结构及晶体形成特点,对阐明肾结石的成因和预防肾结石的复发具有重要意义。本文着重从肾结石的微观结构和晶体结构两方面出发,就近年来对肾结石中晶体形态、不同组分的分 布、构成肾结石的晶体成核、生长过程,以及基于晶体结构的不同治疗方法的研究作一综述。

Kidney stones are mixed by various inorganic salts and organic matter according to certain rules.The process of crystal nucleation,growth and aggregation is the key step of kidney stone formation.The different crystal structures will bring about the different formation process and physicochemical properties of kidney stones.It is of great significance to study the crystal structures and formation characteristics of kidney stone to clarify the causes of it and prevent the recurrence of it.In this paper,based on the microstructure and crystal structure of kidney stones,the distribution of different crystals and components in kidney stones,the nucleation and growth process of crystal forming kidney stones,and the different treatment methods based on crystal structure are reviewed in recent years.