微生物发酵生产γ-氨基丁酸的研究进展

Research Progress on the Production of Gamma-aminobutyric Acid by Microbial Fermentation

γ-氨基丁酸(Gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA)是一种广泛分布于自然界的四碳、非蛋白质天然氨基酸,具有许多重要的生理活性,在食品、医药和化工领域都有广泛的应用。利用83篇文献,综述了微生物中GABA的合成途径和关键酶谷氨酸脱羧酶的研究进展,总结了产GABA微生物的种类和来源,探讨了影响GABA产量的因素,并展望了该领域今后的研究重点。

Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA) is a four carbon, non-protein amino acid which is widely distributed in nature. Due to its important physiological activities, GABA has been widely used in the food, medical and chemical industries. Based on 83 references, the research progresses of microbial biosynthesis pathway of GABA and glutamate decarboxylase are reviewed, the species and sources of GABA producing microorganisms are summarized, and the factors affecting GABA production are discussed, and future research focus in this field are prospected.