论惠特曼对郭沫若“惠特曼式”诗歌创作的影响——从《草叶集》到《凤凰涅槃》的明示

The influence of Whitman’s poetic thoughts on Guo Moruo’s poetry creation of Whitman——From Leaves of Grass to Phoenix Nirvana

美国诗人惠特曼是十九世纪最接地气的人民诗人,是民主自由的倡导者和礼赞者。他的诗风雄浑,大胆而有力,清晰、朴素而真实,诗歌洋溢着强烈的时代精神。他诗歌中创作中的人民性、民主性、民族性不仅影响本国诗歌创作,而且穿越了时空,对五四运动以后的中国新诗产生了深远的影响。诗人郭沫若的《凤凰涅槃》可以说深受惠特曼《草叶集》的诗学思想影响,诗人从《草叶集》中找到了艺术的喷火口。郭氏“惠特曼式”的个人咏叹与豪放在中国诗坛上影响了许多年轻诗人,他们孜孜不倦地学习,创作出积极向上的新诗,表现了一种时代精神。

Whitman was one of the most popular poets in the 19th century in the United States.He is an advocate and a praise for democracy and freedom in the United States.His poems are vigorous,bold and powerful.His poems are not only clear,simple and truthfully but filled with strong spirit of his Times.His poetry style gave a profound impact on Chinese new poetry creation after the May 4th Movement.Guo Moruo’s Phoenix Nirvana can be said deeply influenced by Whitman’s poetic thoughts of his Leaves of Grass.Guo’s poetry found the fire-breathing mouth from Whitman’s artistic style.Meanwhile,many Chinese young poets have been influenced by Gou’s personal singing and unrestrained singing.They have started to study diligently,and their positive new poetry appeared in the Chinese poetry creation,showing a spirit of the new poetry creation in New China.