“三维”视角下畲族服饰图案中的中华民族文化认同

Chinese National Cultural Identity in the Dress Patterns of She Ethnic Group from the Perspective of "3D"

畲族作为一个少数民族,具有大分散小聚居的星式散居状格局,在与汉族长期的交往交流交融下,畲族人民受到了汉文化的渗透和影响,不知不觉对中华民族文化产生了强烈的认同感。畲族服饰就是一个很好的例证。本文所涉及的畲族服饰主要指畲族传统的民族服饰,除了男装、女装外,还包括头饰、彩带、花鞋以及绑腿等。关于畲族服饰,史料中也有相关记载:范晔《后汉书》中有“织绩木皮,染以草实”,“好五色衣服,制裁皆有尾形”以及“衣裳斑斓”等记录。明清时期各地方志中也有相关的描述:明万历《永春县志》记载“女子无裤,通无鞋履”;清同治《景宁县志》记载“跣足椎髻,断竹为冠,裹以布,布斑斑,饰以珠,珠累累”。而至民国年间畲族男子则是“衣帽、发辫如乡人”。

Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the She ethnic group has successively settled down and formed a mixed living mode with the Han ethnic group. Under the longterm exchanges with the Han ethnic group, the people of the She ethnic group have had a sense of identity with the Chinese national culture. Among them, the dress of She ethnic group is a good proof. In this paper, from the three dimensions of "meaning", "reason" and "transmission", the Han cultural factors embodied in the content, generation and inheritance of the dress patterns of the She ethnic group were expounded, which provided practical and effective evidence for the discussion of the cultural identity of the Chinese nation contained in the culture of She ethnic group.