种养结合养殖模式对籽鹅生长发育和屠宰性能的影响

Effects of combination of planting and breeding pattern on growth performance and slaughter performance of Zi goose

为探索种养结合养殖模式对籽鹅生长发育和屠宰性能的影响,本试验以吐丝期玉米为载体,籽鹅为研究对象。对照组籽鹅采用配合饲料圈养,试验组籽鹅在减少10%日粮条件下玉米田间放养,试验结束后分析比较籽鹅生长发育、屠宰性能以及盲肠菌群的差异。结果表明,试验组籽鹅平均日采食量和料肉比显著低于对照组(P<0.05);胴体质量、半净膛质量、全净膛质量、胸肌质量、屠宰率、半净膛率和全净膛率试验组均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),腿肌质量和腹脂质量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组籽鹅回肠的绒毛高度和绒隐比均极显著高于对照组(P<0.001),隐窝深度极显著低于对照组(P<0.001);盲肠放线菌门、红蝽菌纲、红蝽菌目、奇异菌科和欧陆森氏菌属相对丰度试验组均极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。此结果提示,作为草食动物的籽鹅在节约10%饲料情况下,通过采食玉米叶提升食物多样性的同时调节盲肠菌群丰度,进而改善机体消化吸收能力,并最终对籽鹅生长发育和屠宰性能产生影响。

In order to explore the effects of combination of planting and breeding pattern on growth and slaughter performance of Zi goose,corn in silking stage was used as carrier in this study,Zi geese as object for further research.Here,the growth,slaughter performance and cecal microflora of Zi geese were analyzed and compared in the control group breeding in captivity and the trial group stocking in corn filed with 10%dietary reduced.The results showed that average daily feed intake and feed/meat ratio of Zi goose in trial group were significantly lower than control group(P<0.05),carcass weight,semi-eviscerated carcass weight,eviscerated carcass weight,breast weight,slaughter yield,semi-eviscerated carcass yield and eviscerated carcass yield of Zi geese in trial group were extremely significantly higher than control group(P<0.01),thigh weight and abdominal fat weight were significantly higher than control group(P<0.05).In addition,the villus height and villus height:crypt depth radio in ileum of trial group were extremely significantly higher than control group(P<0.001),but the crypt depth was extremely significantly lower than control group(P<0.001).The relative abundance of Actinobacteriota,Coriobacteriia,Coriobacteriales,Atopobiaceae,Olsenella in cecum of trial group were extremely significantly higher than control group(P<0.01).These results indicated that the growth,development and slaughter performance of seed-fed geese can be affected even under the condition of saving 10%feed by freedom eating the corn leaves to improve food diversity and regulate cecal microflora abundance,and the main reason is attributed to the beneficial bacteria increased can improve intestinal digestion and absorption capacity.