混凝土结构与钢结构变电站建筑全生命周期碳排放对比研究

A Comparative Study on Lifecycle Carbon Emissions of Concrete Structure and Steel Structure Substations

我国社会用电需求逐年升高,变电站建设数量和规模日益增大。为响应双碳战略,电力行业积极推进低碳变电站的设计与建设,然而混凝土结构与钢结构变电站全生命周期碳排放孰优孰劣问题尚不明确。本文采用P-BIM技术建立建筑全生命周期碳排放自动计算模型,以国网江苏公司建设量最多的110 kV变电站建筑通用设计方案为例,计算了混凝土结构和钢结构变电站在生产、运输、建造、运行、拆除阶段的碳排放。并针对钢结构特性,讨论了不同钢材防腐年限和钢材回收率对全生命周期碳排放的影响。结果显示钢结构变电站全生命周期碳排放相比混凝土结构变电站高出12.4%至23.9%。综合考虑节能减排与经济因素可知混凝土变电站方案总体优于钢结构变电站方案。研究成果可为双碳背景下的变电站结构体系选择提供依据,为进一步降低变电站建筑的碳排放提供理论基础。

The number and scale of substation increase with the growth of social power demands.In response to the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality strategy,the electric power industry actively promotes the design and construction of low-carbon substations.However,the life-cycle carbon emission of the concrete structure and steel structure substations is still unclear.In this research,P-BIM was adopted to establish an automatic calculation model of carbon emissions.Based on two case studies,the 110 kV substations with the largest construction volume of State Grid Jiangsu Company,this study compared the carbon emission of the concrete structure and steel structure substations during the production,transportation,construction,operation and demolition phases.According to the characteristics of steel structure,it further discussed the impacts of different steel anticorrosion years and steel recycling rates on carbon emissions in the full life cycle.The results show that the carbon emissions of steel structure substations are always higher than those of concrete structure substations in the full life cycle.Considering the economic factors,the concrete substation is generally better than the steel structure substation.The results of this study can provide a basis for the selection of substation structural systems in the context of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals and provide a theoretical basis for further reducing the carbon emissions of substations.