微波消融治疗肝细胞肝癌的临床应用及展望

Analysis and prospect of microwave ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma

在世界范围内,肝癌的发病率长期居高不下,我国作为乙肝大国,肝癌的发病率(尤其是肝炎后肝硬化相关的肝癌)位于世界前列,手术切除一直是早期肝癌的首选治疗手段。近年来,随着影像学技术的发展以及物理治疗越来越多地应用到临床当中,微波消融为小肝癌患者以及失去手术机会的肝癌患者提供了一种新的治疗手段,其相较于传统手术创伤更小、住院时间更短、费用较低。但微波消融并不适用于所有肝癌患者,其适应证目前仍存在一定的局限性,且术后并发症并不能完全避免。本文将对微波消融在肝细胞肝癌治疗中的应用、联合治疗、术后并发症展开综述,并展望未来微波消融在肝细胞肝癌治疗方面可能的发展方向。

The global incidence of liver cancer has remained elevated for a long time.As a high-risk country for hepatitis B,China has one of the highest rates of liver cancer in the world.Historically,surgical excision has been the recommended method of treatment for early-stage liver cancer.With the advancement of imaging technology and the growing use of physical treatment in clinics in recent years,microwave ablation has emerged as a new treatment option for patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma and those who have missed the chance for surgery.It is less traumatic,requires less time in the hospital,and is less expensive than the traditional surgery.However,due to several current indication limits and the inability to totally avoid postoperative sequelae,microwave ablation is not appropriate for all patients with liver cancer.This article examines the use,combined therapy,and postoperative consequences of microwave ablation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma,as well as the potential future direction of development in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.