抽水蓄能电站用启动开关容性电流开断的研究

Study on capacitive current breaking of starting switch for pumped-storage power station

抽水蓄能电站具有调峰、调频、调相、紧急事故处理和黑启动等多种功能,在机组起停和工况转换过程中,启动开关是发电电动机的静止变频装置(SFC)启动或背靠背(BTB)同步启动时必备的专用开关设备。针对抽水蓄能电站运行过程中发现的启动开关触头烧蚀问题,对启动开关使用工况进行分析研究,理清了该问题产生原因,对容性电流产生原理进行理论解析、计算,提出启动开关需具备容性电流开断能力。继而对容性电流开断试验的参数选择、试验方法进行分析,在研制启动开关过程中设计了引弧结构,并通过相关试验进行验证,解决启动开关触头被烧蚀问题。

Pumped-storage power station has various functions such as peak shaving, frequency modulation, phase modulation, emergency treatment and black start. In the process of unit start-up, shutdown and working condition conversion, the starting switch is a necessary special switchgear for SFC start or back-to-back(BTB) synchronous start of generator motor. Aiming at the problem of contact ablation of start-up switch found in the operation of pumped storage power station, this paper analyzes and studies the service conditions of start-up switch, clarifies the causes of the problem, theoretically analyzes and calculates the generation principle of capacitive current, and puts forward that the start-up switch needs to have capacitive current breaking capacity. Then the parameter selection and test method of capacitive current breaking test are analyzed. In the process of developing the starting switch,the arc striking structure is designed,which is verified by relevant tests to solve the problem that the contact of starting switch is ablated.