食管癌患者术后焦虑的现状及影响因素分析

Investigation of postoperative anxiety in patients with esophageal cancer and analysis of social and medical factors

目的 对食管癌患者术后焦虑进行调查并分析其影响因素。方法 利用随机数表法选取徐州市中心医院2020年6月至2021年12月行手术治疗的80例食管癌患者为研究对象,术后3 d利用焦虑自评量表对其焦虑程度进行调查并进行影响因素分析。结果 食管癌患者术后焦虑的发生率为62.5%,依据中国常模结果分为无焦虑组(<50分)30例、焦虑组(≥50分)50例。两组患者年龄、病程时间、学历水平、TNM分期、术后是否进行放化疗、合并症比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),住院时间、治疗费用、禁食时间、是否担忧外观形象、人际关系、是否恐惧并发症、是否担心预后比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,住院时间、治疗费用、禁食时间、是否担忧外观形象、人际关系、是否恐惧并发症、是否担心预后为食管癌术后焦虑的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 食管癌患者术后焦虑发生率较高,且受到多种因素影响,临床上应针对影响因素开展有效的护理措施予以预防。

Objective To investigate postoperative anxiety of patients with esophageal cancer and analyze its influencing factors. Methods 80 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgical treatment in Xuzhou Central Hospital from June 2020 to December 2021 were selected by the random number table method. Three days after operation, the anxiety degree of patients was investigated by self-rating anxiety scale, and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results The incidence of postoperative anxiety in patients with esophageal cancer was 62.5%. According to the results of the Chinese norm, they were divided into the no anxiety group(<50 points) with 30 cases and the anxiety group(≥50 points) with 50 cases. There was no significant difference in age, course of disease, education level, TNM stage, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, or comorbidities between the two groups(all P>0.05). Image, interpersonal relationship, fear of complications, fear of prognosis, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis results showed that the hospital stay, treatment cost, fasting time, worry about appearance, interpersonal relationship, fear of complications, and fear of prognosis were the influencing factors of anxiety after esophageal cancer surgery(P<0.05). Conclusions The incidence of postoperative anxiety in patients with esophageal cancer was high, and influenced by many factors. Effective nursing measures should be carried out according to the influencing factors to reduce the incidence of anxiety.