武汉市耕地及粮食产量时空演变分析

Analysis on the Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Cultivated Land and Grain Yield in Wuhan City

随着经济发展、武汉市城市化的快速扩张,耕地不断被占用开发,耕地面积持续缩减,武汉市农业发展规划中明确强调要确保粮食播种面积,全力抓好粮食生产与农产品供给。为跟踪武汉市耕地与粮产动态及驱动因子,基于武汉市1980~2020年五个时期的土地利用数据和InVEST模型对粮食产量进行模拟估算。研究结果如下:由于快速城市化过程的占用,40年间武汉市耕地面积减少约34%。粮食产量分别为8.97×105t、8.95×105t、5.93×105t、8.32×105t、7.53×105t,在时间上呈现缓慢减少-急剧减少-急剧增加-缓慢减少的变化特征,总体粮食产量降低。虽然40年间武汉市耕地面积缩减,粮食总产量下降,但随着耕地保护管理制度的完善及粮食生产科技的提升,粮食单位面积产量提升了22.22%。40年间粮食作物的空间分布呈现一致性,主要集中在汉南区、江夏区、黄陂区西部、新洲区东部、东西湖区西部及蔡甸区西部。

with the rapid expansion of economic development and urbanization in Wuhan city, the cultivated land occupied continuously development, farmland continues to shrink, made a clear emphasis in agricultural development in Wuhan city planning to ensure that the area sown to grain, to pay special attention to the food production and supply of agricultural products. To track dynamic and driving factors of cultivated land and grain production in Wuhan city, this article is based on five times from 1980 to 2020 in Wuhan city land use data and InVEST model simulated estimates for food production. The results of the study are as follows: due to the rapid urbanization process, 40 years has declined about 34% arable land in Wuhan city. Food production were 8.97 ×10~5t、8.95×10~5t、5.93×10~5t、8.32×10~5t、7.53×10~5t, grain output declines slowly-a sharp drop in time-has increased dramatically-slowly reduce variation characteristics, reduce the overall grain production. Although forty years reduced cultivated land area in Wuhan city, total grain output decline, but with the improvement of the cultivated land protection management system and food production technology promotion, grain yield per unit area of 22.22%. Spatial distribution of 40 years of food crops is consistency, mainly concentrated in the southern Hannan, Jiangxia district, Huangpi district, Xinzhou district, east, west lake district and west Caidian district.