汤逊湖湖滨土壤中微塑料的污染分布特征

Characteristics of Microplastic Pollution in Lakeside Soil from Tangxun Lake

为探究汤逊湖湖滨土壤中微塑料的污染分布特征及其与土地利用类型之间的相关性,在汤逊湖湖滨采集7个典型区域的土壤样本,采用密度浮选法提取微塑料,使用光学显微镜和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪,分析土壤中微塑料的形状、粒径、颜色和成分等特征。结果表明:汤逊湖7个采样点的微塑料丰度为33.30~898.98 n/kg,总体平均丰度为(356.44±168.96)n/kg;碎片状微塑料占比最大;55.10%的微塑料粒径小于2 mm。微塑料颜色以白色、黄色和绿色为主。微塑料的主要成分为聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯和聚乙烯。分析土地利用类型与微塑料分布特征的相关性进一步发现,聚丙烯和碎片状微塑料丰度与工业用地面积之间均为正相关,与绿地面积之间为负相关。

In order to explore the pollution distribution characteristics of microplastics in the lakeside soil of Tangxun Lake and its correlation with land use types,the soil samples from seven typical areas in the lakeside of Tangxun Lake were collected,the microplastic by density flotation method was extracted,and the shape,particle size,color and composition of microplastics in soil by optical microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer were analyzed.The results show that the abundance of microplastics in the seven sampling sites of Tangxun Lake is 33.30~898.98 n/kg,and the overall average abundance is(356.44±168.96) n/kg.Fragmented microplastics account for the largest proportion.55.10% of the microplastic particle size is less than 2 mm.The colors of microplastics are mainly white,yellow and green.The main components of microplastics are polypropylene,polystyrene and polyethylene.The correlation analysis between land use types and the distribution characteristics of microplastics further show that the abundance of polypropylene and fragmented microplastics is positively correlated with industrial land area and negatively correlated with green space area.