可降解塑料膜袋生物降解性能堆肥法和蛭石法比对研究

Biodegradability of Degradable Plastic Film Bags Comparison of Composting Method and Vermiculite Method

生物降解性能是可降解塑料膜袋的关键性能指标之一,堆肥法和蛭石法是评价材料生物降解性能的通用方法。文章研究了不同厚度、不同材质的可降解塑料膜袋的生物降解性能,并比对堆肥法和蛭石法测定生物降解性能的差异性和优缺点。结果表明:从整个生物降解过程看,堆肥法相对平缓稳定,蛭石法前期快后期缓,两者最终趋于平稳。堆肥法和蛭石法在平稳阶段前降解结果存在一定差异,平稳阶段后降解结果差异缩小,最终两种方法可以实现等同或等效。生态毒性试验表明,堆肥法生物降解塑料膜袋降解后的堆肥质量良好,基本无植物生态毒性。

Biodegradability is one of the key performance indicators of biodegradable plastic film bags.Composting method and vermiculite method are common methods to evaluate the biodegradability of materials.The biodegradability of biodegradable plastic film bags with different thickness and different materials was studied,and the differences,advantages and disadvantages of the biodegradability determined by composting method and vermiculite method were compared.The results show that from the whole biodegradation process,composting method is relatively stable,vermiculite method is fast in early stage and slow in late stage,both of them tended to be stable eventually.There are some differences between composting method and vermiculite method in degradation results before stationary phase,and the differences are reduced after stationary phase.Finally,the two methods can be equivalent.The ecological toxicity test show that the compost quality is good after the degradation of biodegradable plastic film bags by composting,and there is basically no plant ecological toxicity.