灌水量和生物有机肥对滴灌枣田水盐动态及土壤养分属性的影响

Effects of Irrigation Amount and Bio-organic Fertilizer on Water and Salt Dynamics and Soil Nutrient Properties of Jujube Field Under Drip Irrigation

通过探究不同灌溉水平下施用生物有机肥对红枣田土壤水分、盐分及土壤养分属性的影响,为红枣种植提供适宜的水肥方案。设置2个灌溉水平(W1:6000 m^(3)/hm^(2),W2:6600 m^(3)/hm^(2)),3个基施水平(S1:1200 kg/hm^(2),S2:1650 kg/hm^(2),S3:2100 kg/hm^(2)),以不施加生物有机肥作为对照(W1CK,W2CK),共8个处理,开展田间试验。施加生物有机肥可以提高土壤含水率、土壤有机质和总碳含量,且同一灌溉水平下,随施肥量的增加均表现为S3>S2>S1>CK。W1灌溉水平下,较CK处理相比,施加生物有机肥后0—150 cm土壤含水率、土壤有机质和总碳含量分别提高3.20%~17.97%,9.96%~20.31%,2.03%~5.42%,W2灌溉水平下,较CK处理相比,各项指标分别提高5.37%~20.19%,6.55%~21.18%,2.09%~6.34%。施加生物有机肥可以降低0—150 cm土壤盐分含量和土壤pH,且同一灌溉水平下,随施肥量的增加均表现为S3<S2<S1<CK。W1灌溉水平下,较CK处理相比,施加生物有机肥后0—150 cm土壤盐分含量和土壤pH分别降低7.70%~15.74%和0.86%~2.87%,W2灌溉水平下,较CK处理相比,各项指标分别降低8.90%~23.66%和0.96%~2.52%。不同水肥(生物有机肥)处理对比中,W1S3处理较当地常规灌溉处理(W2CK)0—150 cm土壤含水率、土壤有机质和总碳含量分别增加4.45%,21.85%,7.31%,土壤盐分含量和土壤pH分别降低2.59%和2.08%。结合当地水资源匮乏、水肥不易保持的特点,且考虑减小地下水污染风险,建议W1S3处理代替当地常规灌溉处理(W2CK)是较为适宜的水肥方案。

This study aimed to explore the effects of bio-organic fertilizer application on soil moisture,salinity,and soil nutrient properties in jujube fields under different irrigation levels,providing suitable water and fertilizer solutions for jujube cultivation.Two irrigation levels(W16000 m^(3)/hm^(2),W26600 m^(3)/hm^(2)),three basal application levels(S1-S2-S3:1200—1650—2100 kg/hm^(2))were set up with no bio-organic fertilizer as the control(W1CK,W2CK),totally eight treatments.A field experiment was conducted.Applying bio-organic fertilizer could increase soil water content,soil organic matter,and total carbon content at the same irrigation level.The increase in fertilizer application all showed that S3>S2>S1>CK.At the W1 irrigation level,the water content,soil organic matter,and total carbon content of 0—150 cm soil increased by 3.20%~17.97%,9.96%~20.31%and 2.03%~5.42%after the application of bio-organic fertilizer compared with the CK.At the W2 irrigation level,the above indices increased by 5.37%~20.19%,6.55%~21.18%and 2.09%~6.34%,respectively.Application of bio-organic fertilizer could reduce the salinity content and soil pH of 0—150 cm soil at the same irrigation level.The increase in fertilizer application all showed that S3<S2<S1<CK.At the W1 irrigation level,the salinity content and soil pH of the 0—150 cm soil decreased by 7.70%~15.74%and 0.86%~2.87%after the application of bio-organic fertilizer compared with the CK,while both indices were reduced by 8.90%~23.66%and 0.96%~2.52%respectively at the W2 irrigation level.In the comparison of different irrigation and fertlization(bio-organic fertilizer)treatments,the W1S3 treatment increased soil water content,soil organic matter,and total carbon content by 4.45%,21.85%and 7.31%,respectively,compared with the local conventional irrigation treatment(W2CK)at 0—150 cm,soil salinity content and soil pH decreased by 2.59%and 2.08%,respectively.Considering the local water scarcity and easy loss of water fertilizer,and also the risk of groundwater pollution reduction,it is suggested that W1S3 treatment instead of the local conventional irrigation treatment(W2CK)should be a more appropriate irrigation and fertilization management.