烷基化多环芳烃的细菌降解研究进展

Research progress on bacterial degradation of alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

烷基化多环芳烃(alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,A-PAHs)是以多环芳烃(PAHs)为母环,具有烷基侧链的稠环芳香烃,是一类在环境中广泛存在的持久性有机污染物.微生物降解是其在环境中降解去除的主要途径,与真菌、藻类等相比,细菌降解A-PAHs得到更多的关注.本文对APAHs的污染现状及生态毒性,细菌降解甲基萘、甲基菲的研究进展进行了概述,以PAHs的降解酶和降解基因作为参考,总结了A-PAHs可能涉及的降解酶及降解基因.本文有助于了解环境中A-PAHs的生物降解研究现状,为寻找高效的A-PAHs降解方法及减轻其生态风险提供理论依据.

Alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(A-PAHs)are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)with parent ring and alkyl side chain,which are a kind of toxic persistent organic pollutants that widely exist in the environment.Microbial degradation is the main way for their removal in the environment.Compared with fungi and algae,more studies have been focused on bacterial degradation.The pollution status and ecological toxicity of A-PAHs,as well as the research progress of bacterial degradation of methylnaphthalene and methylphenanthrene were summarized in this review.Taking the degradation enzymes and genes of PAHs as reference,the possible degradation enzymes and genes involved in A-PAHs degradation bacteria were summarized.It is helpful to understand the research progress of A-PAHs biodegradation in the environment and provide theoretical basis for finding the efficient degradation methods of A-PAHs and reducing their ecological risks.