冲破性别界限:五四以后北京女子参政运动考述

Breaking through Gender Boundaries:A Study on the Women’s Political Participation Movement in Beijing after May Fourth

五四运动以后,自由平等思想进一步传播,“联省自治”为女子再申参政权利提供了契机,全国掀起女权运动热潮。1922年,女子参政协进会、女权运动同盟会在北京相继成立,借时任总统黎元洪命宪法起草委员会拟定新法之期,进行上书请愿运动,要求修改宪法明定女子参政权利。运动先后持续一年时间,得到国会议员支持,并通过舆论宣传在社会各界逐渐扩大影响。最终虽因北京政局动荡致使运动陷入低潮未能达到预期目标,却构成了国共两党在妇女工作领域合作的雏形,为推进女权运动打下坚实的社会基础,将妇女解放事业融汇到新民主主义革命的洪流中。

After the May Fourth Movement,with the further spread of the idea of freedom and equality,inter-provincial autonomy provided women with a new opportunity to fight for their political rights,which later pushed the national feminist movement to a new high.In 1922,the Women’s Political Consultative Conference and the Feminist League were successively founded in Beijing.These groups took the occasion where President Li Yuanhong ordered the Constitution Drafting Committee to enact a new law,and launched a petition campaign for constitutional revisions to define women’s rights to political participation.This movement lasted for one year,during which it obtained support from members of parliament and gradually expanded its influence via public opinion.Although the movement eventually fell into a low tide due to political turmoil in Beijing and failed to achieve the expected goal,it did offer an archetype for the forthcoming KMT-CPC cooperation in the field of women’s work,laid a solid social foundation for later feminist movements,and also merged the cause of women’s liberation into the new democratic revolution.