再生水滴灌条件下灌水器生物堵塞的研究概况

Biological Clogging of Emitters in Drip Irrigation Using Reclaimed Water: A Review

滴灌是再生水灌溉中比较可靠的灌溉技术之一,能有效降低环境污染风险。再生水滴灌时灌水器易发生堵塞,进而影响滴灌系统的安全运行。因此,开展再生水滴灌条件下的灌水器堵塞研究是非常有必要的。本文在广泛搜集并分析文献的基础上,对目前国内外再生水滴灌条件下灌水器生物堵塞的研究概况进行了归纳总结。系统阐述了再生水滴灌条件下的灌水器堵塞原因,探究了生物堵塞的发生机理,总结了再生水滴灌系统灌水器防治生物堵塞的措施。最后,探讨了未来发展趋势。作为灌水器堵塞的主要类型之一,生物堵塞可以通过加氯、调节流速和滴灌频率等方式缓解,具体措施还应与实际情况相结合。

Drip irrigation has been increasingly used not only for watering cash crops but also for stable crops in water-scarcity regions. One common problem in drip irrigation is emitter clogging, especially when using reclaimed water which is rich in nutrients and microbes. This paper reviews the recent development in biological clogging of the emitters, including its cause and mitigation. It is based on literature review of the extensive publications over the past decades. We review the current research situation both nationally and internationally and outline the cause of the clogging when using reclaimed water for irrigation, especially the underlying mechanisms. We also review the measures for anti-clogging the emitters. From these, we discuss the potential development in this area, including remediation of biological clogging using chlorination, adjusting flow rate and drip irrigation frequency, and the applications of these specific measures to different regions and situations.